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   <organizacnaJednotka>Comenius University Bratislava - Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics</organizacnaJednotka>
   <vysokaSkola>Comenius University Bratislava</vysokaSkola>
   <fakulta>Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics</fakulta>
   <skratkaFakulty>FMFI</skratkaFakulty>
   <akRok>2026/2027</akRok>
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         <id>133801</id>
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         <skratka>2-UDG-953</skratka>
         <kod>FMFI.KAG/2-UDG-953/22</kod>
         <nazov>Descriptive Geometry and Didactics of Descriptive Geometry</nazov>
         <kredit>3</kredit>
         <sposobUkoncenia>State Examination</sposobUkoncenia>
         <datumSchvalenia>16.02.2026</datumSchvalenia>
         <datumPoslednejZmeny>16.03.2022</datumPoslednejZmeny>
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            <garant>
               <typGarantaId>8</typGarantaId>
               <typGaranta>Person responsible for the delivery, development and quality of the study programme</typGaranta>
               <plneMeno>doc. Mgr. Tibor Macko, PhD.</plneMeno>
               <pridelenyEmail/>
            </garant>
            <garant>
               <typGarantaId>8</typGarantaId>
               <typGaranta>Person responsible for the delivery, development and quality of the study programme</typGaranta>
               <plneMeno>doc. RNDr. Pavel Chalmovianský, PhD.</plneMeno>
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         <studijneProgramy>
            <studijnyProgram>
               <id>3507</id>
               <skratka>muMADG/k</skratka>
               <popis>Teaching Mathematics and Descriptive Geometry (Conversion Programme)</popis>
               <kodSemester/>
               <rokRocnik>-1</rokRocnik>
               <metodaStudia>on-site learning</metodaStudia>
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         <stupneStudijnychProgramov>II.</stupneStudijnychProgramov>
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         <_ON_>
            <popisTypuTextu>State exam contents</popisTypuTextu>
            <texty>
               <p>A1 Orthogonal projections (to one plane, Monge's projection, axonometry, topography) - principles, basic construction, applications.</p>
               <p>A2 Skew projections (to one plane, skew axonometry) - principles, basic construction, applications.</p>
               <p>A3 Central projections (central projection, linear perspective, perspective axonometry) - principles, basic construction, applications.</p>
               <p>A4 Perspective affinity and its using as a tools in solving problems in descriptive geometry. Plane intersection of prismatic and circle cylindrical surface.</p>
               <p>A5 Perspective collineation and its application to solve problems in descriptive geometry. Plane intersection of the pyramid and the circular cone.</p>
               <p>A6 Geometric base of photogrametry. Internal and external orientation of a scan. Reconstruction from one orthogonal and one skew image.</p>
               <p>A7 Classification and principles of cartographic projections (planar, cylindrical, conic, other). Planar cartographic projections (orthographic, stereographic, gnomonic).</p>
               <p>A8 CAD systems as a tool for creating and work with technical drawings (principles, standards and practical use).</p>
               <p>A09 Torsion of a curve. Frenet's formulas.</p>
               <p>A10 Singular points of planar curves.</p>
               <p>A11 The first fundamental form of a surface and computation of  the lengths, angles and area on a surface.</p>
               <p>A12 Dupin's indicatrix and conjugate directions in the tangent plane of a surface.</p>
               <p>A13 Principal directions and curvatures of a surface, Weingarten mapping.</p>
               <p>A14 Gaussian curvature of surfaces.</p>
               <p>A15 Ideals in commutative rings (particularly in rings of polynomials).</p>
               <p>A16 Affine and projective algebraic varieties. Associated ideal of an algebraic variety.</p>
               <p>A17 Zariski's topology. Decomposition of algebraic variety into irreducible components.</p>
               <p>A18 Coordinate ring variety. Morphisms and rational varieties.</p>
               <p>A19 Ordering of monomes in polynomial rings. Algorithm of division, Gröbner's base ideal, calculations in algebraic geometry, applications of Gröbner base.</p>
               <p>A20 Quadratic surfaces of revolution. Basic problems of descriptive geometry on quadratic surfaces of revolution.</p>
               <p>A21Helix and its properties. Construction of the tangent, osculation plane and center of curvature in projections methods.</p>
               <p>A22 Quadratic surfaces, definition, constructions, basic properties. Ruled surfaces, non-ruled surfaces, their affine classification (ellipsoids, paraboloids, hyperboloids). </p>
               <p>A23 Developable surfaces, constructions and applications in technical practice. Helicoid surface as a developable surface. Construction, properties and developing into a plane. </p>
               <p>A24 Non-developable ruled surfaces. Chasles theorem and its applications (conoids, helicoid). Tangent plane of non-developable ruled surfaces. </p>
               <p>A25 Helicoid surfaces. Linear and cyclic helicoid surfaces. A helicoid as a conoid.</p>
               <p>A26 Non-ruled surfaces of technical practice (wedge, sum, cyclical). Basic properties and examples of their application.</p>
               <p>A27 Hermit and Bezier segment, their properties and evaluation algorithms.</p>
               <p>A28 Hermit cubic splines - construction, properties, examples of endpoint conditions.</p>
               <p>A29 B-spline curves, knot sequence, construction, modeling of B-spline curves.</p>
               <p>A30 Beta-spline curves, continuity conditions, properties of a segment, modeling of a curve. </p>
               <p>A31 Construction of rational curves, rational Bézier curves and their modeling.</p>
               <p>A32 Surfaces determined by the boundary conditions - Coons patches. Construction and mathematical description of ruled, bilinear and bicubic patches.</p>
               <p>A33 Tensor product surfaces, properties of Bézier bicubic patch.</p>
               <p>B01 Applying didactic principles in teaching of descriptive geometry.</p>
               <p>B02 Organization of curriculum plans and creation of curriculum topics in descriptive geometry.</p>
               <p>B03 Applications of education methods in descriptive geometry.</p>
               <p>B04 Specifics of problem solutions in descriptive geometry (complete solution, construction problems).</p>
               <p>B05 Steps and tools of development of spatial imagination.</p>
               <p>B06 Development of logical reasoning. Complete sorting with examples in descriptive geometry.</p>
               <p>B07 Education in descriptive geometry (axioms, definitions, theorems).</p>
               <p>B08 Functions and techniques of proving in descriptive geometry.</p>
               <p>B09 Organizational forms of education in descriptive geometry at schools.</p>
               <p>B10 Descriptive geometry and modern means of education. </p>
            </texty>
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