state examination
CONSEJO DE EUROPA. 2020. Marco común europeo de referencia para las lenguas: aprendizaje, enseñanza, evaluación. Volumen complementario. Available at: https://rm.coe.int/marco-comun-europeo-de-referencia-para-las-lenguas-aprendizaje-ensenan/1680a52d53
GÓMEZ-PABLOS, B. 2014. Didáctica de ELE. Fundamentos de didáctica. Nümbrecht:
Kirsch Verlag, 2014. ISBN 978-3-943906-15-8.
NIVAM. 2022. Vzdelávacie štandardy pre oblasť Jazyk a komunikácia platné od 2023. Cudzie jazyky. Dostupné na: https://www.minedu.sk/data/files/11814_cudzie-jazyky.pdf
RADA EURÓPY EURÓPSKEJ ÚNIE. 2017. Spoločný európsky referenčný rámec pre jazyky. Bratislava: Štátny pedagogický ústav. Available at:
https://www.statpedu.sk/files/sk/publikacna-cinnost/publikacie/serr_tlac-indd.pdf
ŠTÁTNY PEDAGOGICKÝ ÚSTAV. Štátny vzdelávací program [online]. Available at: https://www.statpedu.sk/sk/svp/statny-vzdelavaci-program/
ŠTÁTNY PEDAGOGICKÝ ÚSTAV. Inovovaný štátny vzdelávací program [online]. Available at: https://www.statpedu.sk/sk/svp/inovovany-statny-vzdelavaci-program/
The conditions for applying for the state examination are regulated by the study code of the Faculty of Education of the Comenius University in Bratislava currently valid in the academic year in which the student finishes his/her studies.
The state examination, its conditions and procedural aspects are treated by the Internal Regulation No. 1/2020 Study Regulations of the PdF UK, as well as the Internal Regulation No. 5/2021 Study Regulations of the Comenius University.
The student is assessed on the basis of a colloquial state examination in the field of theoretical knowledge of the field of study in the subject specialization of Spanish language and literature. The state examination in the field of didactics of Spanish as a foreign language is carried out before the examination committee according to the study code of the Faculty of Education of the Comenius University in Bratislava currently valid in the academic year in which the student ends his/her studies.
The evaluation shall be awarded on a scale of:
A (excellent – excellent results),
B (very well – above average standard),
C (well – normal reliable work),
D (satisfactory — acceptable results),
E (sufficient – the results meet the minimum criteria),
FX (insufficient – extra work required)
A: Excellent performance, the student demonstrates extensive knowledge of Spanish-language didactics and is able to discuss the issue at an appropriate professional level, synthesizing and linking knowledge; he/she responds independently and continuously in the exam; uses the correct conceptual apparatus.
B: Excellent performance, the student demonstrates above-standard knowledge of Spanish-language didactics and is able to discuss the issue at the appropriate professional level, can synthesize and link knowledge; in the test, he/she responds independently or with the occasional guidance of the examiners, uses the correct conceptual apparatus.
C: Good performance, the student demonstrates standard knowledge of the didactics of the Spanish language, but has some shortcomings in the synthesis and connection of knowledge; in the exam, he/she answers largely on its own, or with less guidance and supplementary questions from the examiners, uses the correct conceptual apparatus.
D: Acceptable performance; the student demonstrates a satisfactory knowledge of the didactics of the Spanish language; however, he/she has shortcomings in the synthesis and linking of knowledge; in the oral examination, the investigators' guidance is required throughout the answer, but the student responds well and is able to supplement the required information, occasional terminological inaccuracy may occur.
E: Performance meets minimum criteria; the student demonstrates sufficient knowledge of Spanish-language didactics, relatively little ability to synthesise and link knowledge; in the oral examination, guidance from the examiners is necessary throughout the response, a terminological inaccuracy occurs.
FX: Unacceptable performance, the student does not show sufficient knowledge of the didactics of the Spanish language, does not master the conceptual apparatus; he/she does not respond independently to the examination and even after the guidance and supplementary questions of the examiners, the answers are not satisfactory.
Spanish and Slovak
Oral colloquial exam from the didactics of Spanish as a foreign language
Content of the state examination:
• Practical applications of different teaching methods
• Teaching planning: time management, diversity, dynamics, motivation
• Didactic materials and their practical use on the clock
• Communication language competence – language competences, sociolingual
competences, pragmatic competences
• Developing receptive, productive and interactive language activities and strategies
• Types of exercises for the development of grammar and vocabulary
• Evaluation, its principles and possibilities for measuring the level of language activities
The oral answer also assesses the level of communicative competence in the Spanish language and the ability to apply the principles of the literary language in all language levels.
The state examination verifies the achievement of the educational objectives declared in the graduate profile and the student's readiness for the profession of Spanish language teacher.
Student on the state exam
• demonstrates knowledge of the foundations and trends of theoretical and methodological perspectives in the field of foreign language teaching, specialising in the Spanish language
• demonstrates that he/she has extensive knowledge of didactics and methodology in the field of foreign language teaching in Spanish language specialisation – knowledge related to the theoretical aspects of Spanish-language didactics (e.g. pedagogical and didactic approaches, concepts and their theoretical background, knowledge of language learning and learning, key EU documents for teaching and evaluating a foreign language, state educational programmes, curicular aspects of language didactics, etc.),
• demonstrates that he/she can apply his knowledge and ability to creatively solve problems in the field of didactics of Spanish in broader contexts related to his/her field of study, in new and unknown situations,
• demonstrate the developed foreign language teaching skills and competences in Spanish-language specialization, necessary for the application of this knowledge in didactic practice, in particular in the planning, implementation and evaluation of didactic activities,
• demonstrates developed educational skills that allow him/her to continue his further studies with a high degree of autonomy and autonomy,
• demonstrates an adequate level of communicative competence in Spanish and the ability to apply the principles of the written language in all language levels.
state examination
AA.VV. 2025. El español en el mundo. Anuario del Instituto Cervantes [online]. Centro Virtual Cervantes. Instituto Cervantes (selected parts). Available at: https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_25/default.htm
LUPU, C. – MALOVECKÝ, M. – DZIVIAKOVÁ, M. – MEDVECZKÁ, M. 2018. Sloveso v kontraste (románske jazyky a slovenčina). Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, 2018. 95 s. ISBN 978-80-223-4526-2..
REAL ACADEMIA ESPAÑOLA, ASOCIACIÓN DE ACADEMIAS DE LA LENGUA ESPAÑOLA. 2010. Nueva gramática de la lengua española. Manual. Madrid: Espasa Libros, 2010. 750 s. ISBN 9788467032819. (selected parts)
VERTANOVÁ, S. 2019. Fonetika, fonológia, fonosyntax španielskeho jazyka na pozadí artikulačnej bázy slovenčiny. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, 2019. 128 s. ISBN 978-80-223-4674-0.
The conditions for applying for the state examination are regulated by the study code of the Faculty of Education of the Comenius University in Bratislava currently valid in the academic year in which the student finishes his/her studies.
The state examination, its conditions and procedural aspects are treated by the Internal Regulation No. 1/2020 Study Regulations of the PdF UK, as well as the Internal Regulation No. 5/2021 Study Regulations of the Comenius University.
The student is assessed on the basis of a colloquial state examination in the field of theoretical knowledge of the field of study in the subject specialization of Spanish language and literature. The state examination in the field of Spanish linguistics is carried out in front of the examination committee according to the study code of the Faculty of Education of the Comenius University in Bratislava currently valid in the academic year in which the student ends his/her studies.
The evaluation shall be awarded on a scale of:
A (excellent – excellent results),
B (very well – above average standard),
C (well – normal reliable work),
D (satisfactory — acceptable results),
E (sufficient – the results meet the minimum criteria),
FX (insufficient – extra work required)
A: The student demonstrates extensive knowledge of Spanish language linguistics, is able to answer independently, his/her interpretation is logical and arranged, proceeds from general to specific, uses an accurate terminological apparatus. He/she can illustrate theoretical aspects on suitably chosen examples and can also present didactic use of knowledge. He/she responds promptly to the Commission's supplementary questions, developing expert discussion at a very good level. He/she demonstrates a high level of communicative competence, possible deficiencies are rare, with the student using communication strategies for compensation and able to repair himself/ herself.
B: The student demonstrates an above-standard level of knowledge of Spanish language linguistics in terms of scope and depth. He/she responds independently, the interpretation is logical and orderly, in some parts of the answer the commission's guidance is needed. He/she uses professional terminology correctly. He/she can illustrate theoretical aspects on well-chosen examples and can also outline possible didactic use of knowledge. The student responds to supplementary questions and develops expert discussion at a very good level. He/she demonstrates a high level of communicative competence, with rare deficiencies that it can compensate for and independently correct or reformulate after the commission's warning.
C: The student demonstrates the standard level of knowledge of Spanish language linguistics in terms of scope and depth. He/she speaks independently to questions in the exam, the interpretation is arranged, in some parts of the answer there is a need for guidance from the Commission, there may be occasional terminological inaccuracy. Theoretical aspects can be illustrated on suitably chosen examples. The student responds to supplementary questions and develops expert discussion at a good level. He/she demonstrates by default a high level of communicative competence, with occasional deficiencies, which it can usually independently correct or reformulate after the commission's warning.
D: The answer is satisfactory. The student demonstrates sufficient knowledge of Spanish language linguistics, but is able to put the information in a broader context to a small extent. He/she responds largely on its own, although the interpretation is poorly organised or does not reach adequate scope and depth and requires guidance from the Commission. The student responds to supplementary questions and answers satisfactory, develops the topic briefly, at an acceptable professional level. The level of communicative competence is standard, there are deficiencies that the student can usually independently correct or reformulate after the commission's warning, it applies compensation strategies accordingly.
E: The answer meets the minimum criteria. The student demonstrates sufficient knowledge of Spanish language linguistics, but cannot put the information in a broader context. He/she does not respond independently, or the answer is poorly arranged, does not progress from general to specific. He/she responds to supplementary questions and answers satisfactory, but he/she does not develop topics and only to a small extent demonstrates a deeper understanding of the issue, respectively the level of communicative competence is average, there are more frequent errors in pronunciation, grammar or lexicons, the student cannot always correct himself or apply an appropriate compensation strategy.
FX: The answer does not meet the minimum criteria. The student does not demonstrate knowledge of Spanish language linguistics at the level of the second stage of study. He/she does not respond independently, He/she answers the commission's auxiliary questions in a sketchy manner, he/she only demonstrates knowledge of basic concepts, terminological inaccuracy appears, he/she cannot explain the information, he/she does not show an understanding of the phenomena presented, or the level of communicative competence is unsatisfactory, there are errors in pronunciation, grammar or lexicons, or other shortcomings that the student cannot correct on his own, or even with the help of the commission's guidelines.
Slovak and Spanish
Oral colloquial test in Spanish language linguistics.
Content of the state examination:
• The status of the Spanish language within the Romance language family.
• The current status of Spanish as a mother tongue and as a foreign language in Slovakia, Europe and the world.
• Characteristics of the Spanish language in a contrastive perspective with the Slovak language – sound, morphological and syntactic level – selected phenomena:
– Basic characteristics in terms of origin and morphological typology.
– Vocal and consonantic system, prosodic aspects, influence of the articulation base of Slovak on pronunciation in Spanish.
– Verbal types – distribution and basic characteristics.
– Nouns – semantic, morphological and syntactic properties.
– Adjectives – semantic, morphological and syntactic properties.
– Pronouns – morphological and syntactic properties.
– Verbs – semantic, morphological and syntactic properties. Tense and aspect, system of past times, consecutio temporum. Category of mood, subjunctive mode in main and subordinate clauses and its equivalents in Slovak. Indefinite verb forms (infinitive, participle and gerund) and their aspectual and modal meanings; use in semi-predicative constructions.
– Syntagmatic structures, sentence constructions, semi-predicative constructions, compound-complex sentences, word order.
– For all topics: problematic aspects of selected language phenomena, acquisition of correct pronunciation/grammatical structures in Spanish in learners with Slovak as a native language, the most common errors in Spanish caused by interference with the Slovak language.
The oral answer also assesses communicative competence and language culture in Spanish.
The state examination verifies the achievement of the educational objectives declared in the graduate profile, namely the acquisition of solid theoretical and methodological knowledge from linguistic disciplines, the ability to integrate knowledge from different disciplines and the acquired knowledge to use.
Student on the state exam
• demonstrates extensive professional theoretical and methodological knowledge of the Spanish language, knowledge of the conceptual apparatus of linguistics and the ability to integrate and link knowledge of linguistic disciplines with an emphasis on phonetics, phonology and morphosyntax of Spanish language,
• demonstrates the ability to analyse the phonetic repertoire, pronunciation, prosody and grammar of the Spanish language, present knowledge of linguistic science in the form of a clear and logical interpretation, apply them in clarifying specific examples and point out the contradictory aspects of the Spanish and Slovak language systems,
• demonstrates that he/she can apply his knowledge and has ability to solve problems creatively in new and unknown situations in the field of Spanish linguistics and in broader contexts related to his field of study,
• proves that he/she can anticipate possible problems in the acquisition of correct pronunciation and grammatical structures in Spanish in learners with native language of Slovak, he/she can apply knowledge in the design of solutions,
• demonstrates the ability of critical thinking, analysis and synthesis, developed learning skills, as well as the ability to organise their learning and developed learning capacity by self-study,
• demonstrates an adequate level of communicative competence in both Spanish and professional communication in its specialisation and the ability to apply the principles of the literary language in all language levels.
state examination
BOJNICANOVA, R. 2015. 1. vyd., Panorama de la literatura española. Bratislava: UK, 2015. 122 s. ISBN 987-80-223-4028-1.
BOJNICANOVA, R. 2015. 1. vyd., El Romanticismo en las literaturas de España. Bratislava. UK, 2015. 194 p. ISBN 987-80-223-3926-1.
FORBELSKÝ, J. 1999. Španělská literatura 20. století. Praha: Karolinum. 1999. 243 s. ISBN 80-7184-806-9.
CHABÁS, J. 2001. Literatura española contemporánea (1898-1950). 2. the 2nd edition of the 2007 Edition of the Madrid: Verbum, 2001. 704 s. ISBN 9788479622015
AA.VV. (edited by Viera Žemberová). Rukoväť literatúry. Bratislava: Slovenské pedagogické nakladateľstvo a Pezolt, 1998. 382 s. ISBN 80-08-01671-X. (selected chapters from the history of national literatures)
MENDOZA FILLOLA, A. 1996. "Observar, comparar, integrar: el tratamiento didáctico de la literatura desde el enfoque intertextual y comparativo". In: Lenguaje y textos, 8, pp. 9–54. (available online)
SÁNCHEZ LOBATO, J. 2008. Vademécum para la formación de profesores. Enseñar español como segunda lengua (L2), lengua extranjera (LE), Madrid: SGEL, 2008. 112 s. ISBN 978-84-9778-051-3.
The conditions for applying for the state examination are regulated by the study code of the Faculty of Education of the Comenius University in Bratislava currently valid in the academic year in which the student finishes his/her studies.
The state examination, its conditions and procedural aspect are treated by the Internal Regulation No. 1/2020 Study Regulations of the PdF UK, as well as the Internal Regulation No. 5/2021 Study Regulations of the Comenius University.
The student is assessed on the basis of a colloquial state examination in the field of theoretical knowledge of the field of study in the subject specialization of Spanish language and literature. The state examination from the history of Spanish and Hispano-American literature is carried out in front of the examination committee according to the study code of the Faculty of Education of the Comenius University in Bratislava currently valid in the academic year in which the student ends his/her studies.
The evaluation shall be awarded on a scale of:
A (excellent – excellent results),
B (very well – above average standard),
C (well – normal reliable work),
D (satisfactory — acceptable results),
E (sufficient – the results meet the minimum criteria),
FX (insufficient – extra work required)
A: The student demonstrates extensive knowledge of the history and theory of literature and an excellent ability to connect the acquired knowledge with the context of world literature. He/she demonstrates the ability to critically evaluate the importance of the cultural contribution of individual authors and their works to the literary process and, based on analytical reasoning, is able to design didactic procedures in presenting literary themes. He/she responds independently to questions in the exam; his/her interpretation is logical, coherent, well structured and characterized by terminological correctness. He/she responds to the Commission's questions at an excellent professional level and creatively. In the oral answer, he/she will demonstrate an excellent level of linguistic and speech competence and language and speech culture.
B: The student demonstrates an above-standard level of knowledge from the history of Spanish and Hispano-American literature, demonstrates the ability to critically evaluate the importance of the cultural contribution of individual authors and their works and the ability to link the acquired knowledge with the context of world literature. He/she demonstrates the ability to analytically reasoning and creatively design didactic procedures in presenting literary issues. He/she responds independently to questions in the exam, the interpretation is logical and coherent, in some parts of the answer the commission's guidance is needed. He/she responds to the Commission's supplementary questions and develops expert discussion at a very good level. In the oral answer, he/she demonstrates a very good level of linguistic and speech competence and language and speech culture.
C: The student demonstrates a standard level of knowledge of the history of Spanish and Hispano-American literature, demonstrates the ability to critically evaluate the importance of the cultural contribution of individual authors and their works and the ability to link the acquired knowledge with the context of world literature. He/she demonstrates a weaker ability to analytically argue and creatively design didactic procedures in presenting literary issues. He/she proceeds in response on its own, and in some parts of the answer, guidance from the Commission is needed. He/she responds to the Commission's supplementary questions and develops expert discussion at a good level. In the oral answer, he/she shall demonstrate the standard level of linguistic and speech competence and language and speech culture.
D: The answer is satisfactory. The student demonstrates knowledge of the history of Spanish and Hispano-American literature at an acceptable level, is able to critically evaluate the importance of the cultural contribution of individual authors and their works, but lacks the ability to link the acquired knowledge with the context of world literature. He/she proceeds in response in part on its own, but is heavily dependent on the trial committee's orientation questions. The student responds to supplementary questions satisfactory and at an acceptable professional level. The level of communicative competence is acceptable, there are shortcomings that the student can usually independently correct or reformulate.
E: The answer is sufficient. The student demonstrates knowledge of the history of Spanish and Hispano-American literature at the level of minimum criteria, demonstrate basic knowledge of history and theory of literature, but lacks the ability to critically evaluate the importance of the cultural contribution of individual authors and their works, as well as knowledge of the context of world literature. In the answer, it shows signs of insecurity and uncertainty, fails to break down the answer into a logical and coherent whole, requires the assistance of the examination committee in the form of assistance questions. He/she responds sufficient to supplementary questions, but briefly and without demonstrating a deeper understanding of the issue. In an oral response, He/she commits errors in pronunciation, grammar or lexicon, but is able to correct it after the commission's warning.
FX: The answer does not meet the minimum criteria. The student does not demonstrate sufficient knowledge of the history of Spanish and Hispano-American literature. He/she cannot choose the correct and logical procedure for replying, he/she makes fundamental mistakes regarding chronology and contextualization of literary phenomena. He/she is unable to respond satisfactory to the questions of the examination committee. In the oral answer, he/she demonstrates the lack of competence of language and speech competence and language and speech culture.
Spanish, Slovak or Czech
Oral colloquial exam from the history of Spanish and Hispano-American literature.
Content of the state examination:
• The place of Spanish and Hispano-American literature and its development in the context of Romance literature and world literature.
• Development of individual literary genres in the context of historical periods and aesthetic canons.
• Older literature: literature from the Middle Ages to the 18th century.
• Modern Spanish and Hispano-American literature: literature of the 19th century and the 20th century.
• Variability of ways of including the above content from the field of literature of Spain and Hispanophone countries in the teaching of Spanish at different types of schools.
The oral answer also assesses communicative competence and language culture in Spanish.
The aim of the state examination is to verify the student's knowledge of the history of Spanish and Hispano-American literature and culture in the context of world literature, especially in the context of Romance literature, and to verify the student's ability to present the acquired knowledge by an appropriate didactic method.
The student demonstrates the ability of critical thinking, analysis and synthesis, as well as the ability to learn and organize his/her learning through self-study,
• demonstrates knowledge of the history and theory of literature and the ability to link the acquired knowledge with the context of world literature,
• demonstrates the ability to critically evaluate the importance of the cultural contribution of individual authors and their works to the literary process,
• based on analytical reasoning, it is able to creatively integrate the acquired knowledge into pedagogical practice characteristic of different types of schools and design didactic procedures for their presentation,
• demonstrates that he can apply his knowledge and ability to creatively solve problems in the field of Spanish literature in broader contexts related to his field of study, in new and unknown situations,
• demonstrates developed educational skills that allow him to continue his further studies with a high degree of autonomy and autonomy,
• demonstrates the appropriate ability of language and speech competence and language and language and speech culture in The Spanish language in the oral answer.
state examination
Methods of assessment: oral board examination and moderated discussion - dialogue between the student and the members of the state examination board on the actual problematic issues of the answered topics, joint evaluation of the result by the board
The recommended study literature is listed in the information sheets of the respective courses.
The state examination (including the defence of the final thesis) is in accordance with the internal regulation No.1/2020 Study Regulations of the Faculty of Education of Comenius University, as well as with the internal regulation No.5/2021 Study Regulations of Comenius University.
A student may take the state examination (a) after obtaining at least the number of credits necessary for the proper completion of studies after obtaining credits for successful completion of the last state examination, and (b) after successful completion of compulsory courses, compulsory elective courses and elective courses in the composition determined by the study programme except for the state examination, and (c) without disciplinary proceedings being conducted against him/her.
At the master's degree level of study, 94 credits must be obtained for the study part of the study programme in the prescribed composition. A further 14 credits shall be obtained for the successful defence of the thesis and 12 credits for the subjects of the state examination.
According to VP 23/2021 Internal Quality Assurance System for Higher Education of the Comenius University in Bratislava, Part Six, Article 56, paragraph 2, the student must demonstrate that he/she has acquired the knowledge and that he/she understands and can apply it. He/she is able to creatively solve problems also in broader contexts related to the given field of study, has developed learning skills, and possesses a high degree of independence and autonomy.
The rating is awarded on a scale:
A (excellent - excellent results): outstanding performance: The student has thoroughly and comprehensively mastered the linguistic and literary knowledge of his/her specialisation and the methodology of acquiring it, logically arranges the facts presented in a flawless manner, is able to critically and independently evaluate the acquired knowledge in a convincing manner, is able to practically apply and adapt it at an excellent level in the analysis of texts, is fully oriented in the broader linguistic, literary, literary-historical, cultural and social context, the linguistic and stylistic level of his/her speech is excellent.
B (very good - above average standard): very good performance: The student has very well acquired linguistic and literary knowledge in his/her specialisation and the methodology of acquiring it; he/she arranges the facts presented logically with only minor errors; he/she takes a partially critical attitude to the knowledge acquired and is able to apply and adapt it very well in practice when analysing texts; he/she is fully oriented in the broader linguistic, literary, literary-historical, cultural and social context; the linguistic and stylistic level of his/her speech is very good.
C (good - normal reliable work): good performance: the student has a good grasp of the linguistic and literary knowledge of his/her specialisation and the methodology of acquiring it, organises the facts presented appropriately and makes only occasional mistakes, can apply them reliably in practice when analysing texts, has a reliable grasp of the broader linguistic, literary, literary-historical, cultural and social context, and the linguistic and stylistic level of his/her speech is very good.
D (satisfactory - acceptable results): satisfactory performance: the student has satisfactorily acquired the linguistic and literary knowledge of his/her specialisation and the methodology of acquiring it, demonstrates some deficiencies in the organisation of facts, can satisfactorily apply it practically in the analysis of texts, the linguistic and stylistic level of his/her speech is very good.
E (sufficient - the results meet the minimum criteria): sufficient performance: the student has acquired linguistic and literary knowledge from his/her specialisation and the methodology of their acquisition at a minimum level, demonstrates significant deficiencies in the arrangement of facts, can apply them minimally in the analysis of texts, the linguistic and stylistic level of his/her speech is good.
Fx (insufficient - additional work required): poor performance: the student does not demonstrate sufficient linguistic and literary knowledge of his/her specialisation, does not know the facts and their logical connections, cannot apply them in the analysis of texts.
Slovak
The state examination consists of two parts, namely 1. Slovak language and 2. Slovak literature.
Slovak language - thematic areas
• Theories of the origin of Slovak language.
• The influence of other languages on Slovak in the earlier period of its development and at present. Vocabulary differentiation in terms of origin.
• Genealogical, typological (morphological) and areal characteristics of Slovak.
• The Great Moravian period in the development of Slovak - language, writing, monuments.
• Bernolák´s and Štúr´s codifications of written Slovak. Spoken Slovak in the Matica and Martin period. Overview of the development of Slovak in the 20th century.
• Stratification of the Slovak national language from various points of view. Territorial division of Slovak dialects.
• System, structure and structuration in the language. Language and speech.
• Communication process. The system of Slovak consonants from the contemporary and developmental point of view. Vowel and phoneme, variants of phonemes. Neutralizations and alternations. Suprasegmental phonic means. The nature of the syllable and its forms. Application of the rhythmic law and other phonetic phenomena in word bending in Slovak.
• Lexicology and its sub-disciplines. The word as a linguistic sign. Meaning structure of a word. Ways of vocabulary enrichment. Basic criteria of vocabulary differentiation.
• Morphematic and morphological structure of a word. Word species in terms of their semantic value. Comprehensive word-species characteristics of individual word species and their classification. Word-species transitions. Grammatical categories from the contemporary and developmental point of view.
• The syntactic subsystem. Types of syntactic constructions. Sentence syntax, the nature of the sentence, actualization and predication, sentence and utterance, grammatical and modal structure of sentences, basic and developmental sentence articles. Semisentential, concatenative and suprasentential syntax.
• Stylistics. Styles and their classification. Vocabulary differentiation from the stylistic point of view. Stylistic factors. Model text structures (functional language styles, stylistic practices, genres).
Slovak literature - thematic headings
• Literary science, overview of literary science orientations in Slovakia. Versiology. Genology. Thematic, compositional and linguistic structure of a work of fiction.
• Literature for children and youth, periodization structure of Slovak literature for children and youth. Constituting classical fiction literature for youth in the 1930s. Modern Slovak poetry and prose for children and youth in the second half of the 20th century. Poetics of the children's aspect. Non-fiction literature for children and youth.
• Folk tale and fairy tale, poetics and typology. Collectors and their conceptions. Literary folklorism for children in the 20th century.
• Specific features of older Slovak literature. Periodization, literary languages, types and genres. Medieval literature. Ideological and artistic character of Renaissance humanism. Literary production of the Baroque period.
• Classicism, Pre-Romanticism and Romanticism in Slovak literature. International and domestic influences, periodization structure, dominant types and genres.
• Slovak literature on the border between Romanticism and Realism.
• Slovak literary realism in poetry, prose and drama. Generational confrontations.
• Slovak literary modernism. Starting points, character, authors.
• Slovak literature in the interwar period. Developmental differentiation. Pluralism of directions, impulses, poetics, authors.
• Prose of socialist realism and parallel free problematic reflection of man and society.
• Individual and group initiatives in poetry in the 1950s and 1960s. The developmental contribution of the prose writers of the Young Creation generation.
• The novel situation in Slovak prose of the 1970s, the prose of historicism and regionalism.
• Postmodern tendencies in Slovak literature before 1989.
Students will first characterize a selected literary period, genre, and theme, and then document their knowledge, interpretive-analytical skills, and relevant competencies through excerpts from the works they have read. At the same time, they will present strategies for using the literary text in the pedagogical process. The thematic areas will synthesize the knowledge acquired in the individual literature-oriented courses.
The student will comprehensively demonstrate knowledge, skills, and competencies on the state examination according to specific questions from the courses taken.
Learning outcomes are in accordance with the Long-term Plan of the Comenius University/Faculty of Education, the mission and strategic goals of the Comenius University/Faculty of Education, in accordance with the description of the field of study, in accordance with the NKR/SKR/DD, in accordance with the profile of the graduate, in accordance with the learning objectives and learning outcomes in individual subjects of the study programme curriculum and other relevant documents.
The student has a thorough knowledge of the system and norm of contemporary written Slovak in all its levels, knows the development and history of the Slovak language, codification of written Slovak, has a comprehensive and complex set of knowledge in the theory of language and linguistics. He has a comprehensive and complete knowledge of the theory of literature and the history of Slovak literature from the Middle Ages to the present day, literature for children and young people, and is familiar with artistic movements, representative authors and works. He or she has a thorough knowledge of linguistic and literary research methodology at a level that enables him or her to practise linguistic and literary analysis, interpretation and evaluation of texts.
state examination
Methods of assessment: oral board examination and moderated discussion - dialogue between the student and the members of the state examination board on the actual problematic issues of the answered topics, joint evaluation of the result by the board
The recommended study literature is listed in the information sheets of the respective courses.
Course completion requirements: The state examination (including the defence of the final thesis) is in accordance with the internal regulation No.1/2020 Study Regulations of the Faculty of Education of Comenius University, as well as with the internal regulation No.5/2021 Study Regulations of Comenius University.
A student may take the state examination (a) after obtaining at least the number of credits necessary for the proper completion of studies after obtaining credits for successful completion of the last state examination, and (b) after successful completion of compulsory courses, compulsory elective courses and elective courses in the composition determined by the study programme except for the state examination, and (c) without disciplinary proceedings being conducted against him/her.
At the master's degree level of study, 94 credits must be obtained for the study part of the study programme in the prescribed composition. A further 14 credits shall be obtained for the successful defence of the thesis and 12 credits for the subjects of the state examination.
According to VP 23/2021 Internal Quality Assurance System for Higher Education of the Comenius University in Bratislava, Part Six, Article 56, paragraph 2, the student must demonstrate that he/she has acquired the knowledge and that he/she understands and can apply it. He/she is able to creatively solve problems also in broader contexts related to the given field of study, has developed learning skills, and possesses a high degree of independence and autonomy.
The rating is awarded on a scale:
A (excellent - outstanding): excellent performance: The student has an excellent command of the theoretical knowledge of the didactics of Slovak language and literature in the required scope, logically arranges the presented facts, can critically and independently evaluate the acquired knowledge in a convincing manner, can methodologically correctly, professionally, efficiently and creatively apply and adapt the knowledge from the didactics of Slovak language and literature and from individual linguistic and literary disciplines, as well as the requirements and information given in pedagogical documents in the preparation and implementation of the lesson as well as in the creative and independent solution of individual tasks and assignments also in the broader linguistic, literary and didactic context, he excellently supports the pupils in the active acquisition of knowledge, skills and competences, the linguistic and stylistic level of his speech is excellent;
B (very good - above average standard): very good performance: The student has a very good command of the theoretical knowledge of the didactics of Slovak language and literature and of the individual linguistic and literary disciplines to the required extent, logically arranges the facts presented, takes a partially critical attitude to the acquired knowledge, is able to apply and adapt the knowledge of the didactics of Slovak language and literature and of the individual linguistic and literary disciplines in a methodologically correct, professional, effective and mostly creative way, as well as the requirements and information given in pedagogical documents in the preparation and implementation of the lesson as well as in the independent solution of individual tasks and assignments, also in the broader linguistic, literary and didactic context, he supports very well the active acquisition of knowledge, skills and competences by pupils, the linguistic and stylistic level of his speech is very good;
C (good - normal reliable work): good performance: the student has a good command of the theoretical knowledge of the didactics of Slovak language and literature and of the individual linguistic and literary disciplines to the required extent, he/she organises the presented facts appropriately, he/she is able to methodically apply and adapt the knowledge of the didactics of Slovak language and literature and of the individual linguistic and literary disciplines correctly, as well as the requirements and information given in pedagogical documents in the preparation and implementation of the lesson and in the reliable solution of individual tasks and assignments, he supports the pupils' active acquisition of knowledge, skills and competences, the linguistic and stylistic level of his speech is very good;
D (satisfactory - acceptable results): satisfactory performance: the student has a limited mastery of the theoretical knowledge of the didactics of the Slovak language and literature and of the individual linguistic and literary disciplines to the required extent, shows some deficiencies in the arrangement of facts, is able to apply the acquired knowledge satisfactorily in the preparation and implementation of the lesson and in the satisfactory solution of individual tasks and assignments, the linguistic and stylistic level of his/her speech is very good;
E (sufficient - the results meet the minimum criteria): sufficient performance: the student has only a minimum level of theoretical knowledge of the didactics of the Slovak language and literature and of the individual linguistic and literary disciplines and demonstrates deficiencies in the arrangement of facts; he/she can apply the acquired knowledge only to a minimum extent in the preparation and implementation of the lesson; he/she solves individual tasks and assignments to a sufficient level; the linguistic and stylistic level of his/her speech is good;
Fx (insufficient - additional work is required): insufficient performance: the student does not sufficiently master the theoretical knowledge of the didactics of Slovak language and literature and of the individual linguistic and literary disciplines to the required extent, does not know the facts and their logical connections, cannot apply the acquired knowledge in the preparation and implementation of the lesson, cannot solve individual tasks and assignments.
Slovak
Thematic headings
• Basic pedagogical documents. Content and performance educational standard of Slovak language and literature for lower and upper secondary education. Slovak language and literature as a teaching subject, intra-, inter- and inter-subject relations.
• Basic functions in the language and literature component. Application of partial and complex thought operations. Learning content and types of learning in the linguistic and literary component.
• Textbooks of Slovak language, literature education and literature for lower and upper secondary education and other didactic aids and information resources for teaching Slovak language and literature.
• Teaching methods in the language and literature component and their modernisation. Structure of classical and non-traditional lessons. The use of didactic games, creative writing and creative dramatics.
• Question classifications and their use in teaching Slovak language and literature in lower and upper secondary education.
• Pedagogical competences of a teacher of Slovak language and literature. Teacher's preparation for the lesson. Creativity and creative teaching.
• Types of analysis. Comprehensive language analysis.
• Approaches to the literary text in didactic communication. Creative and scholastic interpretation of literary text.
• Written essays, their preparation and evaluation. Rehearsal of oral speeches and their evaluation.
• Reception of the text. Reading, its types and stages. Development of active and discursive reading. Formation of a cultured and sophisticated reader.
Each topic will need to be specified in the design of the teaching activity. The student will comprehensively demonstrate knowledge, skills, and competencies on the state examination according to specific questions from the courses taken.
Learning outcomes are in accordance with the Long-term Plan of the Comenius University/Faculty of Education, the mission and strategic goals of the Comenius University/Faculty of Education, in accordance with the description of the field of study, in accordance with the NKR/SKR/DD, in accordance with the profile of the graduate, in accordance with the learning objectives and learning outcomes in individual subjects of the study programme curriculum and other relevant documents.
The student has acquired theoretical knowledge of didactics of Slovak language and literature, including professional terminology, knows the content and structure of pedagogical documents, as well as the content and structure of textbooks of Slovak language, literary education and literature for lower and upper secondary education. He/she is able to perceive the acquired knowledge in mutual relations and contexts, critically evaluate, integrate and comprehensively use it together with knowledge from individual linguistic and literary disciplines in planning, implementing and analysing teaching activities. The student possesses the professional competences that are necessary for transforming and implementing new knowledge from the field into the educational process.
Recommended reading:
according to the focus of the thesis topic
Prerequisite subjects: none
Prerequisites for successful completion of the course:
The state examination, its conditions and procedural aspects are regulated by the Internal Regulation No.1/2020 Study Regulations of the Faculty of Arts of Charles University, as well as by the Internal Regulation No. 5/2021 Study Regulations of the Charles University.
A student may take the state examination (a) after obtaining at least the number of credits necessary for the proper completion of studies after obtaining credits for successful completion of the last state examination and (b) after successful completion of compulsory courses, compulsory elective courses and elective courses in the composition determined by the study programme, except for the state examination and (c) without disciplinary proceedings being conducted against him/her.
The student receives 14 credits for the successful defence of the diploma thesis (credits counted in the VUZ study plan).
According to the VP 23/2021 Internal Quality Assurance System for Higher Education of the Charles University in Bratislava, the student is evaluated in particular:
- Demonstrate the student's ability to integrate knowledge, manage complexity, and formulate decisions with incomplete or limited information, while still embracing the social and ethical responsibilities associated with the application of their knowledge and decisions;
- Demonstration of the ability to communicate conclusions, findings and rationale clearly and unambiguously to both expert and lay audiences;
- elaboration of the chosen topic at the level of a scientific study with a representative selection of literature, with appropriately chosen scientific procedures, hypotheses/research questions that can be verified. At the same time, the thesis must make a contribution to the specific field.
The rating is awarded on a scale:
A 100 - 91% (excellent - outstanding results),
B 90 - 81% (very good - above average standard),
C 80 - 73% (good - normal reliable operation),
D 72 - 66% (satisfactory - acceptable results),
E 65 - 60% (sufficient - results meet minimum criteria),
Fx 59% or less (insufficient).
A student is evaluated with the FX grade if he/she has fulfilled the requirements for the grade only at a level not exceeding 60% of the total highest possible level of fulfilling the requirements for passing the subject of the state examination - defence of the diploma thesis. In the same way, a student shall be evaluated with an FX if he/she has submitted a thesis in violation of paragraph 7 of Article 56 of the Internal Regulation of the University of Bratislava No. 23/2021 or has submitted a thesis that does not substantially meet the requirements according to paragraph 1 (d), paragraph 2 (d) or paragraph 3 (d) of Article 56 of the Internal Regulation of the University of Bratislava No. 23/2021 Internal Quality Assurance System for Higher Education of the University of Bratislava.
The details and specifications of the requirements of the final theses for the individual teacher study programmes in combination (approbation) will be specified in the respective Study Programme Descriptions.
Slovak language, in case of language specialisations also the language of the respective subject specialisatio
Brief outline of the course:
1. Contribution of the thesis to the field of study, depending on its nature and degree of study. The evaluation of the thesis takes into account whether the student adequately treats the chosen topic at the level of a scientific study with a representative selection of literature, whether the chosen scientific procedures are adequate and appropriate, and whether he/she adequately works with hypotheses that can be verified. The thesis should make a distinct contribution to the relevant field of study in which the student has completed the degree programme;
2. Originality of the thesis (the thesis must not be plagiarized, must not infringe the copyrights of other authors), the documentation for the defence of the thesis as a subject of the state examination includes originality protocols: from the Central Register and Theses, the results of which are commented on by the supervisor and the opponent in their opinions;
3. Correctness and correctness of citation of used information sources, research results of other authors and author teams, correctness of description of methods and working procedures of other authors or author teams;
4. Compliance of the structure of the thesis with the prescribed structure defined by the Internal Regulation No. 2/2018 Directive of the Rector of Charles University in Bratislava;
5. Respecting the recommended scope of the thesis (the recommended scope of the thesis is usually 50 - 70 standard pages - 90 000 to 126 000 characters including spaces), the adequacy of the scope of the thesis is judged by the supervisor;
6. Linguistic and stylistic level of the work and formal editing;
7. The manner and form of the thesis defence and the student's ability to respond adequately to
comments and questions in the supervisor's and opponent's reports.
8. In the study programme focused on the teaching of art-educational subjects, the presentation of artistic outputs and performances may be part of the final thesis and its defence.
The learning outcome is in accordance with the Long-term Plan of the CU/PdF, the mission and strategic goals of the CU/PdF, in accordance with the description of the field of study, in accordance with the NKR/SKR/DD, in accordance with the profile of the graduate, in accordance with the learning objectives and learning outcomes in individual subjects of the study plan of the study programme and other relevant documents.
The student is able to elaborate the chosen topic at the level of a scientific study with a representative selection of literature, with appropriately chosen scientific procedures and hypotheses/research questions that can be verified. The thesis makes a contribution to the relevant field of study