Current sources on the studied issues

Defined in the individual study plan of the doctoral student and in the Study Regulations of FPHARM CU.

The doctoral student will obtain the rating completed with credit value after successfully defending the dissertation thesis. Fulfillment of required conditions according to regulations and submission of dissertation thesis.

Slovak language, in case of the consent of the dean and the consent of the chairman of the commettee of the doctoral study on the proposal of the doctoral student also in another world language, preferably English.

1) The doctoral student will prepare a dissertation thesis. Through the dissertation, the student demonstrates the ability and readiness for independent scientific and creative activity in the field of research or development or for independent theoretical and creative activity. It should be characterized by a high degree of analysis and synthesis of knowledge, as well as a sufficient overview of the existing literature. The work must be original, created by the author in compliance with the rules of working with information sources. The school work must not have the character of plagiarism, nor must it infringe the copyrights of other authors. The author is obliged to thoroughly cite the information sources used, to name the specific and specific research results of other authors or authors, by citing the relevant source, to accurately describe the methods and working procedures of other authors or collectors, to document laboratory results and field research of other authors or collectives. The citation technique is guided by the practice in the given scientific field, respecting the relevant standards and norms. 2) The doctoral student will briefly state the essential content of his / her dissertation, its concept, results and contribution in the defense of the dissertation. 3) The doctoral student will take a position on the opinions of the opponents, in particular he will comment on all objections and comments and answer their questions. 4) During the discussion, the doctoral student will answer all questions and take a stand on all suggestions and objections of its participants.

after a successful defense he / she will obtain a title PhD.

Current sources on the studied issues

Defined in the individual study plan of the doctoral student and in the Study Regulations of FPHARM CU.

The doctoral student will obtain the rating completed with credit value after successfully passing the dissertation exam with the result passed

Slovak language, in case of the consent of the dean and the consent of the chairman of the commettee of the doctoral study on the proposal of the doctoral student also in another world language, preferably English.

1) The dissertation examination consists of a part consisting of a discussion of the written work for the dissertation examination - project proposal.

2) The dissertation examination consists of a part in which the doctoral student has to demonstrate theoretical knowledge in the specified subjects of the dissertation examination.

3) The subjects of the dissertation examination consist of the main subject and secondary subjects according to the characteristics of the study program of the doctoral degree in the field of study.

At the dissertation exam, the student must demonstrate not only knowledge of the specified subjects of the exam, but also the ability under the supervision of the supervisor to submit a dissertation project proposal, method of solving experimental procedures, ability to form conclusions based on results and defend their project proposal before a committee of the doctoral study.

• Mikuš, P., Piešťanský, J., Dokupilová, S.: Kvapalinová chromatografia, hmotnostná spektrometria a ich kombinácie vo farmaceutickej a biomedicínskej analýze, VEDA, Bratislava, 2018. 365s.

• Mikuš, P., Piešťanský, J.: Kapilárna elektroforéza, hmotnostná spektrometria a ich kombinácie vo farmaceutickej a biomedicínskej analýze, VEDA, 2014. 310 s.

• Mikuš, P., Maráková, K.: HYPHENATED ELECTROPHORETIC TECHNIQUES IN ADVANCED ANALYSIS, Bratislava, KARTPRINT, 2012. 217 s.

• Tekeľ, J., Mikuš , P.: Vybrané kapitoly z analytickej chémie. Analýza látok v biologických systémoch. Bratislava : UK, 2004, 192 s.

• Mikuš, P., Hanko, M., Piešťanský, J., Maráková, K., Dokupilová, S., Mikulová, M.: Analytical chemistry: Instrumental analysis. Bratislava : VEDA, pripravuje sa.

• Havránek, E. a kol.: Laboratórne cvičenia z analytickej chémie III. Fyzikálno-chemické metódy. Bratislava : UK, 2007. 91 s.

• Světlík, J.: Molekulová spektroskopia a optické metódy. Bratislava : UK, 2006. 81 s.

• Labuda, J. a kol, Analytická chémia, Bratislava, STU v Bratislave, 2019, 682 s.

• Magulová, L.: Metodický list racionálnej farmakoterapie 15./16., Terapeutické monitorovanie hladín liečiv, Ročník 5, Číslo 1-2, 2001. (plus citovaná literatúra)

• Vedecké publikácie registrované v databáze Web of Science: kľúčové slová: Mikus (author), Comenius (Address), amino acids, biogenic amines, thiopurines (Topic)

Successful completion of the exam.

Slovak language, English language

Teacher: prof. RNDr. Peter Mikuš, PhD., PharmDr. Juraj Piešťanský, PhD.

The basic concepts/terms, principles, methodological and clinical aspects, validation and application areas of the master's curriculum are continuously supplemented with current knowledge/findings and solutions to the problems of analytical monitoring of drug levels in practice.

 Introduction to the issue

 Clarification of the term “therapeutic drug monitoring”

 Importance of TDM in clinical practice (current state of the issue)

 Analytical aspects in TDM

 Pharmacological aspects in TDM

 Monitoring the levels of biologically active substances for toxicological, doping and forensic analysis

 Groups of therapeutically monitored drugs

 Drugs with a narrow therapeutic range

 Drugs with a well-defined relationship between drug concentration and effect (therapeutic or toxic)

 Drugs with large inter- or intra-individual differences in drug distribution or clearance

 Distribution of drug groups (by effect)

 Antibiotics with nephrotoxic and ototoxic effects (aminoglycosides amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, tobramycin, polypeptide antibiotic vancomycin)

 Cardiovascular drugs (cardioglycosides: digoxin, antidysrhythmics: quinidine)

 Antiepileptics (carbamazepine, ethosuximide, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, valproic acid)

 Tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline, imipramine, clomipramine)

 Antiasthmatics (theophylline)

 Immunosuppressants (cyclosporin A, tacrolimus, azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, 6-thioguanine)

 Cytostatics (methotrexate)

 Groups of other monitored substances

 Diagnostic biomarkers - endogenous substances

 Low molecular weight organic substances (amino acids, carboxylic acids, biogenic amines, lipids, etc.)

 Inorganic ions (metal cations, anions)

 Biomolecules (proteins, e.g., enzymes, antibodies)

 Toxic and prohibited substances (doping, drugs, poisoning) and drugs applied without the consent of a doctor (self-treatment) - exogenous substances

 Commercial drugs (clenbuterol, ivermectin, etc.)

 Experimental drugs (SARMS, etc.)

 Illegal synthetic preparations (heroin, etc.)

 Natural toxins (amanitin, botulinum toxin, etc.)

 Collection and processing of biological material

 Sampling (method, time intervals), steady state, number of samples, residual and peak concentration vs. toxicity and therapeutic effect

 Sample processing (sample type, sample preparation before analysis, sample preparation techniques / methods - protein precipitation, extraction, derivatization, protein cleavage, etc.)

 Sample storage

 Methods of biological material analysis

 Development (optimization), validation and application of analytical methods, advantages and limitations of analytical methods

 Spectral methods

 Electrochemical methods

 Separation methods (chromatographic, electromigration)

 Hyphenated separation and spectral or electrochemical methods

 Separation methods with on-line sample preparation

 Immunochemical methods: radioimmunoassay (RIA), immunoenzyme methods (EIA, EMIT, ELISA, FPIA, MEIA, CMIA)

 Interpretation of analytical results

 TDM: Interpretation of serum drug concentrations in the context of all clinical data (related areas: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs)

 Diagnosis of diseases: correlations of levels of individual biomarkers or biomarker profiles in comparison groups (monitoring of changes in datasets of health vs patients)

 Toxicological, anti-doping, forensic analysis: monitoring of levels of monitored substances, limit concentrations

 Statistical evaluation of the analytical results

 Validation parameters according to the used validation protocol

 Validation protocols: FDA, ICH

 Hypothesis testing (Student's t-test, ANOVA)

 Use of therapeutic drug level monitoring data:

 Objective: to ensure maximum efficacy of drugs, to reduce the risk of drug toxicity, to maintain the concentration of drugs in the so-called "Therapeutic range"

 Monitoring of treatment of chronically and critically ill patients with altered drug clearance with a narrow therapeutic range, patients with different drug pharmacokinetics (elderly, children)

 Adjust batch modes (regimes)

 Optimization of therapy using pharmacokinetic programs (population-kinetic data)

 Determining patients' compliance with treatment

 Identification of drug toxicity risks (reduction of toxic drug reactions)

 Reduction of treatment costs

 Reducing the need for emergency procedures and hospitalizations

 Shortening the length of hospitalization

 Application areas - solved examples:

 TDM of thiopurines in the optimization of therapy of patients with non-specific inflammatory bowel diseases

 Monitoring of carboxylate levels in connection with the diagnosis and therapy of cancer patients

 Monitoring of Prohibited Substance Levels (Clenbuterol, SARMS) in connection with doping control

Reliable identification and quantification of drugs in biological systems are essential steps to understand the mechanisms of their action in a living organism. Drug concentration levels are an important indicator of the therapeutic process at the molecular level, usable in optimizing the treatment management of individual patients.

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is recommended and performed for (i) drugs with a narrow therapeutic range, (ii) drugs with a well-defined relationship between drug concentration and effect (therapeutic or toxic), (iii) drugs with large inter- or intra-individual differences in drug distribution or clearance. Integral components of TDM are (I) collection and processing of biological material, (II) development, validation and application of analytical methods, and (III) processing and interpretation of analysis results. Interpretation of TDM results requires adequate knowledge of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the monitored drugs and their association with the patient's clinical data. Thus, for the successful implementation of TDM in clinical practice, it is necessary to combine theoretical knowledge and practical aspects of methods of clinical analysis and clinical pharmacology. In a broader context, monitoring of biologically active substance levels is also carried out in the areas of disease diagnosis, toxicology, doping control, forensic analysis and other practical areas. The graduate of the course will gain knowledge related to the development and application of analytical methods and procedures usable in solving the tasks of the above areas of pharmaceutical practice.

The doctoral students will expand and deepen their knowledge of the latest findings in the field of analytical monitoring of drug levels in practice in connection with the relevant analytical methodology and clinical aspects of the analyzed substances. They will be able to apply the acquired knowledge in practice at various levels of activity in connection with optimization of therapeutic procedures, early diagnosis of diseases, assessment of patient compliance, assessment of intoxication or presence / levels of banned, narcotic and psychotropic substances in the biological system in cooperation with physicians, clinical, diagnostic, toxicological, anti-doping or forensic laboratories.

Balažová A., Obložinský M.: Vybrané kapitoly z patobiochémie. Bratislava:UK, 2019.

http://stella.uniba.sk/texty/AB_MO-kpt-patobiochemia.pdf

Dobrota D. a kol.: Lekárska biochémia. Vydavateľstvo Osveta s.r.o. Martin, 2016, 2.vyd.

Ďurovcová E. a kol.: Klinická biochémia (vybrané kapitoly), Vydavateľstvo Osveta s.r.o. Martin,

2020, 1.vyd.

Successful completion of the exam.

Slovak language

Teachers: doc. PharmDr. Marek Obložinský, PhD., RNDr. František Bilka, PhD., doc. Mgr. Andrea Bilková, PhD., Mgr. Ondrej Sprušanský, PhD., Ing. Ľudmila Pašková, PhD.

- Fundamentals of clinical biochemistry. Procedures for preparation and adjustment of analyzed samples.

- Principles of selected clinical-biochemical methods.

- Clinical enzymology, laboratory diagnostics. Importance of enzyme preparations in the

diagnosis and therapy of diseases.

- Disorders of glucose and glycogen metabolism, biochemical presentation of diabetes mellitus.

- Lipid metabolism disorders. Lipoproteins: lipid transport forms, regulation of cholesterol

metabolism, dyslipoproteinemias, disorders of sphingolipid metabolism.

- Disorders connected to specific metabolic processes of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins in

the liver.

- Formation of ketone bodies and their relationship to various pathological conditions.

- Proteins and amino acid absorption disorders, proteolytic enzymes, innate amino acid metabolism disorders.

- Disorders of synthesis and degradation of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides.

- Disorders of heme and bilirubin metabolism, porphyria and hemoglobinopathy.

- Disorders of hormonal regulation.

- Acidobasic balance, mineral metabolism.

- Biochemical fundamentals of tumour process, specific markers of cancer diseases.

- Biochemical principles of the inflammatory response of the organism, enzymes, and mediators of the inflammatory process.

PhD. student will obtain information about the ethiology of diseases and mechanism of biochemical processes associated with their pathology. The specific emphasis is put on the current possibilities of therapeutic approaches based on application of biologics (biological treatment). Except understanding changes in biochemical processes in case of various diseases, the subject is also focused on providing knowledge related to their laboratory and clinical diagnostics, such as processing of biological material, methods used for determination of selected clinical parameters, usage of in vitro diagnostic tools, as well as an overall evaluation of patient status based on laboratory results.

Kuželová, M., Švec, A., Švec, P.: Kapitoly zo všeobecnej klinickej farmakológie pre farmaceutov. Bratislava : Famaceutická fakulta UK, 2011. 196 s.

Kuželová, M., Švec, A., Švec, P.: Vybrané kapitoly z klinickej farmakológie pre farmaceutov. Bratislava : Famaceutická fakulta UK, 2010. 152 s.

Nathan A: Managing symptoms in the pharmacy. Pharmaceutical Press. 2008. 257 p.

Walker R, Whittlesea C: Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics. Fifth edition. Churchill Livingstone. Elsevier. 2012. 983 p.

Bond Ch. Evidence-based pharmacy. Pharmaceutical Press. 2006. 226 p.

Barber N.,, Willson A: Clinical pharmacy. Churchill Livingstone,2007 - 502 s.

Wiffen P, Mitchell M, Snelling M, Stoner N: Oxford Handbook of Clinical Pharmacy (2 ed.) Oxford University Press, 2012, 704 p.

Kriška, M. a kol.: Memorix klinickej farmakológie. Bratislava : SAP, 2002. 879 s.

Kriška, M. a kol.: Riziko liekov v medicínskej praxi. Bratislava : SAP, 2000. 474 s.

Kuželová M., Kovácsová B., Švec P.: Farmakológia antiinfekčných liečiv. Osveta, 2010. 184s.

Katzung BG, Masters SB, Trevor AJ: Basic and clinical pharmacology. The McGraw-Hill

Companies, Inc. 2012, 1245 p.

Ritter JM, Lewis LD, Mant TGK, Ferro M: A Textbook of Clinical Pharmacology and

Therapeutics. Hodder Arnold Hachette Livre UK. 2008. 476 p

Passing of the exam.

Slovaka, English

Teachers:

prof. PharmDr. Ján Klimas, PhD., MPH., prof. RNDr. Magdaléna Kuželová, CSc., doc. PharmDr. Anna Paul Hrabovská, PhD., PharmDr. Gabriel Dóka, PhD., PharmDr. Stanislava Kosírová, PhD.

The focus is on one or more of the following areas of clinical pharmacy:

- pre-clinical and clinical evaluation of new medicines,

- regulatory measures in this area in relation to the registration of medicinal products,

- clinical pharmacokinetics,

- symptomatology and pharmacotherapy of acute and chronic diseases,

- the effect of the disease process on the effects of medicines,

- monitoring of pharmacotherapy and drug levels,

- interpretation of laboratory results with respect to pharmacotherapy,

- the most serious pharmacotherapeutic problems related to

- adverse drug reactions, including allergic drug reactions,

- drug interactions,

- medication errors,

- patient safety during treatment,

- pharmacovigilance,

- rational use of medicines in high-risk groups of patients,

- compliance, adherence to therapy and concordance,

- oral and parenteral nutrition,

- lifestyle medicines.

The PhD students will expand and deepen their expertise of the latest knowledge of clinical pharmacy in connection with the effects of medicines and with the reduction of pharmacotherapeutic risk, medication errors and pharmacotherapeutic problems. Students will learn how to apply the acquired knowledge in real-world practice at various levels related to pharmacotherapy in cooperation with physicians.

Brunton LL, Hilal-Dandan R, Knollmann BC et al. Goodman & Gilman's: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 13e, McGraw-Hill Education 2018

Golan D. E., Tashjian Jr A. H.., Armstrong E. J., Armstrong A. Wet al. .: Principles of Pharmacology: The Pathophysiologic Basis of Drug Therapy, 3rd 4th Edition. Lippincott Williams&Wilkins, 20172

Katzung BG, Vanderah TW et al. : Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 15e, McGraw Hill 2021

Rang, H.P., Dale, M.M. a kol.: Rang and Dale´s Pharmacology, 7th ed. London, Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier, 2012

Ritter JM. et al.: Rang and Dale's Pharmacology E-Book, Elsevier, 9th ed., 2018

Successful passing of the exam

Slovak language, English language

Lecturers: prof. PharmDr. Adriana Ďuriš Adameová, PhD.; prof. PharmDr. Ján Klimas, PhD., MPH.; doc. Peter Křenek, PhD.; doc. PharmDr. Anna Paul Hrabovská, PhD.; doc. PharmDr. Marek Máťuš, PhD.; Mgr. Peter Vavrinec, PhD.; Mgr. Diana Vavrincová, PhD

The focus is on one or more of the following areas of pharmacology:

- pharmacodynamics with respect to the mechanism of action of drugs

- pharmacokinetics

- pharmacogenomics

- adverse effects of drugs

- drug overdose

- therapeutic use of drugs

Special pharmacology

- pharmacology of drugs with effect on the central nervous system

- pharmacology of drugs with effect on the autonomous nervous system

- pharmacology of drugs with effect on the smooth muscles

- pharmacology of drugs with effect on the cardiovascular system and kidneys

- pharmacology of blood, inflammation

- pharmacology of drugs with effect on the respiratory system

- pharmacology of drugs with effect on the gastrointestinal system

- pharmacology of drugs with effect on the endocrine system

- pharmacology of anti-infective drugs

- pharmacology of anticancer drugs

- new directions of therapy of diseases using biological drugs

Expansion and intensification of knowledge from pharmacology the can be used by the student to formulate scientific hypotheses to create a basis for the analytical part of the dissertation and to formulate conclusions following the obtained results.

Mellová Y. a kol.: Anatómia človeka pre nelekárske študijné programy. Vydavateľstvo: Osveta, 2010, 2018. 184 s.

Merkunová A, Orel M., Anatomie a fyziologie člověka. Vydavateľstvo: Grada, Psyché. 2008, 304 s. Čalkovská A.: Fyziológia človeka pre nelekárske študijné odbory. Vydavateľstvo: Osveta, 2010 Javorka, K. a kol.: Lekárska fyziológia. Učebnica pre lekárske fakulty. Martin: Osveta, 2014. 744 s.

Silbernagl, S., Despopoulos, A.: Atlas fyziologie člověka. 6. vyd. Praha: Grada Publishing, 2004, 448 s.

Silbernagl, S., Lang, F.: Atlas patofyziologie. Praha: Grada, 2016. 404 s.

Mohan, H.: Patológia.· Vydavateľstvo: Balneotherma, 2011.

Plank, L., Hanáček J. a kol.: Patologická́ anatómia a patologická fyziológia. ·Vydavateľstvo: Osveta, 2007.

Mačák J., Mačáková J., Dvořáčková J.. Patologie. 2.vydanie, Vydavateľstvo: Grada, 2012

Hulín, I. a kol.: Patofyziológia a klinická́ fyziológia pre magisterské́ a bakalárske štúdium. Bratislava: SAP, 2005. 593 s.

Successfully passing the exam.

Slovak language

Teachers: prof. PharmDr. Ján Klimas, PhD., MPH, PharmDr. Tomáš Rajtík, PhD., PharmDr. Eva Kráľová, PhD., PharmDr. Stanislava Kosírová, PhD.

Metabolic disorders, obesity, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, disorders of vitamins and elements.

Disorders of the internal environment, water and electrolyte management, acid-base homeostasis.

Interaction of the organism with the environment. Adaptation, stress, cell death.

Circulatory disorders in the cerebral circulation, pulmonary circulation, renal hypertension, ischemia in the mesenteric stream.

Changes in cardiac function. Cardiomyopathy. Congenital heart diseases. Diseases of the valves.

Skin diseases caused by infection, inflammation, allergies, skin efflorescences. Children's infectious diseases.

Kidney and urinary tract diseases. Nephrotic syndrome, pyelonephritis, stones, incontinence.

Pulmonary parenchymal diseases. Tuberculosis, pulmonary interstitial diseases, pneumoconiosis, fibrosis.

Selected intestinal diseases. Malabsorption - celiac disease, inflammatory bowel diseases - Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, appendicitis. Changes in the function of the gallbladder and bile ducts.

Infectious diseases - epidemiology, transmission, pathomechanisms, microbial flora, resistance, bacteria, parasites. Selected viral and fungal diseases.

Pathophysiology of the musculoskeletal system. Diseases of joints and muscles.

The participant of the course expands and completes the spectrum of syndromes and diseases from the individual organ systems, obtained within the study of the subject of pathology. Student learns in more detail recent and experimentally identified pathomechanisms leading to the damage of physiological functions of the cell, organs, and systems. Student will extend current knowledge about the disorders of metabolism, internal environment, adaptational mechanisms to the environmental changes and infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. Acquired advanced knowledge will be used in conjunction with other biomedically oriented subjects of pharmacological program.

Tumová I.: Toxikológia pre farmaceutov, Herba, 2016

Mulder G.J.: Pharmaceutical toxicology, Pharmaceutical Press, 2006

Patočka J.: Úvod do obecné toxikológie. ISBN 80-86571-04-,Manus, Praha 2003

Horák J., Linhart I., Klusoň P.: Úvod do toxikológie a ekológie pro chemiky, 2004

Prokeš J.: Úvod do toxikológie, Praha, 2005

Prokeš J- et al. Základy toxikológie, Galén, 2005

Successfully passing the exam.

Slovak language, English language

Lecturers: doc. PharmDr. Anna Paul Hrabovská, PhD.; doc. PharmDr. Marek Máťuš, PhD.; Mgr. Ondrej Sprušanský, PhD.; Mgr. Peter Vavrinec, PhD.; Mgr. Diana Vavrincová, PhD.

Importance of toxicology for the field pharmacy. Factors influencing toxic effects. Basics of toxokinetics. Characteristics, course and complications of poisoning. Drug toxicology. Poisoning in children. Ethyl alcohol poisoning. Poisoning by addictive substances. Poisoning by substances of plant and animal origin. Chemical waste poisoning. Agricultural toxicology. Toxicology of ionizing radiation. Biological, chemical and radiation weapons. Antidote. Biological tests.

The class will enable the doctoral student to deepen and expand their knowledge about the toxic effects of xenobiotics on living organisms. The current boundaries of toxicology are considerably wide due to the number of chemical compounds in the environment, and toxic damage to the organism also occurs through long-term exposure to pollutants. It turns out that in today's developed societies there is a growing need for toxicologists; unfortunately, they are not specifically trained for this demand by any university. A well-educated pharmacist, who is constantly expanding their knowledge in the field of chemical-analytical and biological-pharmaceutical fields, could provide this need. In addition to toxicity, which is qualitatively influenced by dose, the second interesting property of chemical substances (drugs) is their storage in the body (accumulation).

Buc M.: Základná a klinická imunológia. Bratislava: UK, 2009. 602 s.

Kiňová Sepová H., Bilková A., Hrčka Dubničková M., Dudík B.: Imunologické metódy: princípy a návody na praktické cvičenia. Bratislava: UK, 2021.

Doan, T., Melvold, R., Viselli, S., Waltenbaugh, C.: Lippincotts Illustrated Reviews Immunology. Wolters Kluwer Health, 2021

Successful passing the exam

Slovak, English

Teacher: doc. Mgr. Andrea Bilková, PhD., doc. Mgr. Martina Hrčka Dubničková, PhD.

The course Immunology deals with the knowledge of basic and clinical immunology. The student is acquainted with the composition and function of the human immune system, the mechanisms of cellular and humoral immunity, as well as the preventive, therapeutic and practical use of immunology in medicine and pharmaceutical practice. The basic part of Immunology deals with inflammation, fever, structure and function of complement, cytokines, antigens and antibodies. Emphasis is placed on the preparation and use of monoclonal antibodies in pharmacy and medicine, without which modern diagnostics and therapy of diseases would not be possible. The clinical part of Immunology focuses on anti-infective, transplant and anti-tumor immunity and also deals with immunopathological diseases, as well as the latest immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive pharmaceuticals, preparation, application and use of vaccines and passive immunization products for disease prevention and therapy. The conclusion represent the principles of basic immunodiagnostic methods that pharmacists encounter in practice.

By completing the course, the doctoral student will expand his/her knowledge about the importance and function of the human immune system as well as about the mechanisms of its action. In a comprehensive view, he/she will obtain additional information on how drugs, when applied to the body, act on specific immune mechanisms that are essential in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Student will also understand the principles and ways of using the immunodiagnostic methods that the pharmacist encounters in practice.

Tesař, T., Babeľa, R.: Hodnotenie zdravotníckkych technológii. SAP, Bratislava, 2014, 96 s.

2. Foltán, V.: Sociálna farmácia. Osveta, Martin, 2010, 203 s.

3. Foltán, V. a kol.: Manažment, marketing a liek. Herba, Bratislava, 2010, 155 s.

4. Tesař,T., Foltán, V.: Zdravotná starostlivosť, náklady, kvalita a výsledky,

5. Výkladový terminologický slovník ISPOR, 2008, 238 s.

6. Foltán, V. a kol.: Odporúčania pre ATC klasifikáciu liečív a stanovenie hodnoty DDD,

7. Kriška, M. a kol.: Memorix klinickej farmakológie. SAP, Bratislava, 2006, 879 s. vybrané

časti

8.Tesař, T. a kol.: Lekárenstvo a legislatíva, Osveta, Martin, 2017, 226 s.

Successful completion of the exam.

Slovak language, English langugage

Teachers: doc. PharmDr. Tomáš Tesař, PhD., MBA, MPH, MSc (HTA), doc. PharmDr. Daniela Mináriková, PhD., MSc.

Theoretical problems of pharmacy and medicines in society - characteristics of medicines, ensuring the way and safety of medicines from their origin to use in the individual patient,

2. The share of pharmacy in social and health policy - WHO pharmaceutical programs,

3. Drug policy - legislation, system application, management systems, marketing application, consumption and need for drugs and medicines,

4. Pharmaceutical and pharmaceutical care - research, production, control of drugs and medicines, dispensing and provision of information, implementation of good manufacturing, distribution and pharmaceutical practice,

5. Pharmaceutical informatics - content, scope, programs and their use, drug compliance and abuse, self-treatment and its pharmaceutical aspects

6. Drug and society - position and importance of drug, pharmacoepidemiology, compliance, non-compliance, consumption and need for drugs, pharmacoeconomics, pharmaceutical informatics,

7. The position of pharmacy in society and healthcare - social, health and drug policy, management and marketing of pharmaceutical activities, legislative aspects of drug policy implementation,

8. History of pharmacy and museology - the position of the drug in the various stages of social development.

Social pharmacy - pharmacy enables the third-level doctoral student to develop theoretical knowledge and apply their skills to the social and economic aspects of the position of drugs and medicines in society. The necessary content is language training, enabling to confront the state and knowledge of individual aspects of medicine and drug in society abroad.

Kuželová, M., Švec, A., Švec, P.: Kapitoly zo všeobecnej klinickej farmakológie pre farmaceutov. Bratislava : Famaceutická fakulta UK, 2011. 196 s.

Kuželová, M., Švec, A., Švec, P.: Vybrané kapitoly z klinickej farmakológie pre farmaceutov. Bratislava : Famaceutická fakulta UK, 2010. 152 s.

Kuželová M., Kovácsová B., Švec P.: Farmakológia antiinfekčných liečiv. Osveta, 2010. 184s.

Begg EJ. Instant clinical Pharmacology. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 2003. 112 p.

Katzung BG, Masters SB, Trevor AJ: Basic and clinical pharmacology. The McGraw-Hill

Companies, Inc. 2012, 1245 p.

Ritter JM, Lewis LD, Mant TGK, Ferro M: A Textbook of Clinical Pharmacology and

Therapeutics. Hodder Arnold Hachette Livre UK. 2008. 476 p

Wawruch M., Laššánová M., Tisoňová J.: Kapitoly z klinickej farmakológie, Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, 2012, 176 s.

Kriška, M. a kol.: Memorix klinickej farmakológie. Bratislava : SAP, 2002. 879 s.

Kriška, M. a kol.: Riziko liekov v medicínskej praxi. Bratislava : SAP, 2000. 474 s.

Passing of the exam.

Slovak, English

Teachers: prof. PharmDr. Ján Klimas, PhD., MPH., prof. RNDr. Magdaléna Kuželová, CSc., doc. PharmDr. Anna Paul Hrabovská, PhD., PharmDr. Gabriel Dóka, PhD., PharmDr. Stanislava Kosírová, PhD.

ATC codes A – V:

- the most current problems of therapeutic use of medicines,

- standard therapeutic procedures,

- identification and solving of pharmacotherapeutic problems,

- recommendations for the rational use of medicines in pharmacotherapy.

The issue of over-the-counter medicines in relation to high-risk groups of patients,

- interactions of over-the-counter medicines,

- prescription from the perspective of non-rational pharmacotherapy

- pharmacotherapeutic problems, first aid, therapy, case reports:

- the most common diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, diarrhea, constipation,

- insomnia and fear,

- cough, shortness of breath,

- fever,

- headache,

- bleeding disorders,

- minor fungal and viral infections,

- ENT diseases,

- selected diseases of the mucous membrane

- obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, nutritional supplements for good practice,.

- particular symptoms of CNS disease,

- the most common skin damage,

- basics of patient examination, characteristics and first aid:

- stomachache,

- chest pain and back pain,

- dizziness and vomiting,

- shock and unconsciousness.

By completing the course, the PhD student markedly expands and deepens basic information about therapeutic options and possible adverse drug reactions of selected pharmacotherapeutic groups of medicines. Student gains an advanced overview of the latest recommendations for the rational use of medicines in pharmacotherapy. Student gets the latest information on the issue of over-the-counter medicines.

Completion of the course will contribute to better employment of PhD graduates in clinical practice as partners of doctors when solving common pharmacotherapeutic problems.

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2. Rovný I.: Verejné zdravotníctvo, Herba 2009, s. 125, ISBN 978-80-891-7160-6

3. Hegyi L., Bielik I.: Základy verejného zdravotníctva, Herba 2011, s. 288, ISBN 9788089171842

4. Bražinová A.: Epidemiologické metódy a ich uplatnenie v epidemiológii vybraných ochorení, LF UK v Bratislave 2020, s. 70, ISBN 978-80-223-4982-6

5. Bazovská S. a kol. Špeciálna epidemiológia. UK Bratislava, 2017, s. 337, ISBN 978-80-223-2301-7

6. Bašková M. a kol. Výchova k zdraviu. Martin: Osveta, 2009, s. 226, ISBN 978-80-806-3320-2

7. Golian J., Minárik P., Mináriková D. Potravinová a nutričná gramotnosť. Josef Raabe Slovensko, 2021, s. 378, ISBN 978-80-8140-621-8.

8. Zákon NR SR č. 355/2007 Z.z. o ochrane, podpore a rozvoji verejného zdravia a o zmene a doplnení niektorých zákonov.

9. Zdravie 2020, WHO 2012

10. Aktualizácia Národného programu podpory zdravia v Slovenskej republike, 2014

11. Strategický rámec starostlivosti o zdravie pre roky 2014 – 2030

12. Pharmacy 2030: A Vision for Community Pharmacy in Europe, PGEU

13. Professional standards for public health practice for pharmacy. Royal Pharmaceutical Society, 2014

14. Public health a practical guide for community pharmacists, Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee

15. Health 2020 A European policy framework and strategy for the 21st century, WHO 2013, ISBN 978-92-890-0279-0

Successful completion of the exam

Slovak language, English language

Teachers:

Doc. PharmDr. Tesař, PhD., MBA, MPH, MSc (HTA)

Doc. PharmDr. Mináriková, PhD., MSc (MHA)

The doctoral student will expand and deepen his / her knowledge about the public health of the population, health determinants, health education and support, protection, and prevention of chronic and infectious diseases in the context of the health care system. He will be able to apply the acquired knowledge in the field of pharmaceutical care and in the involvement of pharmacists in the support and protection of the health and health literacy of the population.