Aristotle. (2007). On rhetoric: A theory of civic discourse (G. A. Kennedy, Trans., 2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.

Cicero. (2001). On the ideal orator (De oratore) (J. M. May & J. Wisse, Trans.). Oxford University Press.

Scalia, A., & Garner, B. A. (2008). Making your case: The art of persuading judges. Thomson/West.

Tiscione, K. K. (2016). Rhetoric for legal writers: The theory and practice of analysis and persuasion. West Academic Publishing.

Trachtman, J. P. (2013). The tools of argument: How the best lawyers think, argue, and win. Createspace Independent Publishing Platform.

Continuous Assessment: 100%, participation in the oral round of the competition

Grading scale: A / 1 = 91–100%, B / 1.5 = 81–90%, C / 2 = 73–80% , D / 2.5 = 66–72%, E / 3 = 60–65%, FX = 0–59%

The course is examined using unannotated legal regulations and case law, in accordance with the instructor’s instructions.

english

Preparation of Oral Pleadings: Structure and logic of oral argumentation based on written submissions; Selection and emphasis of the most important arguments; Preparation of opening statement and concluding submissions

Rhetoric and Verbal Communication: Techniques of persuasive and clear delivery (intonation, pace, articulation); Non-verbal communication (gestures, posture, eye contact); Working with emotions and emphasis in oral advocacy

Conduct of Oral Proceedings and Responses to Judicial Questions: Anticipating potential questions based on written submissions and oral argumentation; Effective responses to questions from the bench; Stress management and maintaining control of time and subject matter during the pleading

100/0

The FMC – Oral Round represents a simulation of oral court proceedings in the field of international law or European Union law. Through simulated oral hearings before international courts (e.g. Court of Justice of the European Union, International Court of Justice, International Criminal Court), students develop skills in legal analysis, verbal argumentation, and rhetoric. Emphasis is placed on the preparation and presentation of oral legal arguments and on responding to questions from the bench.

Learning Outcomes: Upon completion of the course, the student will be able to:

- apply knowledge of international law and EU law in the oral resolution of a simulated judicial dispute

- effectively and persuasively present legal arguments before a court

- respond to questions from the bench based on the submitted written memorial, case law, and relevant legal sources

Knowledge: The student will acquire knowledge of:

- the functioning of international and European judicial institutions, their structure, jurisdiction, and rules of oral procedure

- techniques and methods of legal argumentation and the principles of persuasive oral advocacy and courtroom communication. The student will also acquire the fundamentals of courtroom rhetoric

Skills: the student will be able to:

- prepare and deliver well-founded and structured oral legal arguments

- analyse legal problems in oral form, with emphasis on key issues and arguments

- respond flexibly to judicial questions and engage in reply and rejoinder to opposing arguments

Responsibility and Individuality: The student will demonstrate:

- the ability to independently prepare for and perform in oral proceedings within the allocated time

- a responsible approach to accuracy and professional quality of oral presentation

- openness to professional feedback and the ability to incorporate it into subsequent oral presentations

CRAIG, P., DE BÚRCA, G.: EU Law. Text, cases and materials. Oxford: OUP, 2020.

CASSESE, A. Cassese's International Law, Oxford: OUP, 2020, 616 s.

Continuous Assessment: 100%, participation in the written round of the competition

Final assessment:

Grading scale: A / 1 = 91–100%, B / 1.5 = 81–90%, C / 2 = 73–80% , D / 2.5 = 66–72%, E / 3 = 60–65%, FX = 0–59%

The course is examined using unannotated legal regulations and case law, in accordance with the instructor’s instructions.

english

- Fundamentals of drafting legal written submissions - structure, format, and style

- Techniques for searching and selecting relevant legal arguments and sources of law

- Analysis and interpretation of international and European legal norms

- Practical drafting of written submissions

100/0

FMC – Written Round is a simulation of judicial proceedings in the field of international law or European Union law. Through simulated proceedings before international courts (e.g. Court of Justice of the European Union, International Court of Justice, International Criminal Court), students develop skills in legal analysis, written expression, and argumentation. Emphasis is placed on drafting procedural submissions.

Learning Outcomes: Upon completion of the course, the student will be able to:

-apply knowledge of international law and EU law in resolving a model judicial dispute

-draft a professional written submission in accordance with the rules of the relevant judicial forum

-argue effectively on the basis of legal analysis, case law, and relevant sources of law

Knowledge: The student will acquire knowledge of:

Functioning of Courts: Understanding the structure, jurisdiction, and procedural rules of international and European judicial institutions (e.g. Court of Justice of the European Union, International Court of Justice, International Criminal Court).

Sources of Law: Working with international treaties, case law, general principles of law, and EU law.

Interpretation of Law: Understanding how courts interpret legal norms and how legal argumentation is developed in the international context.

Legal Argumentation: Mastering the basic techniques of persuasive and professional written advocacy.

Skills: The student will be able to: analyse a complex legal problem involving international or European law identify key legal issues and relevant sources of law necessary for their resolution draft a legal submission meeting the requirements of international judicial style work with legal databases, case law, and secondary literature at an advanced level

Responsibility and Individuality: The student will demonstrate: the ability to work independently on a complex legal task within a specified time frame, a responsible approach to the quality, accuracy, and professional standard of their written output, openness to professional feedback and the ability to reflect it in subsequent work.

Craig,P., de Búrca, G. : EU LAW, Text, Cases, and Materials. Eight Edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2024.

Chalmers, D., Davies, G., Monti, G.: European Union Law. Cambridge University Press, 2024.

Ashiagbor, D., Countouris, N., Lianos, I.: The European Union after the Treaty of Lisbon. Cambridge University Press, 2012.

Lenaerts, K., Van Nuffel,P.: European Union Law. Third Edition. Londýn: Sweet and Maxwell, 2011.

Vivien Rose, V., Bailey, D.: Bellamy and Child: European Union Law of Competition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2013.

Weatherill, S.: Cases and Materials on EU law. Oxford University Press, 2012. Woods, L., Watson, P.: EU Law. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012.

Continuous assessment: solving case studies, preparing legal analyses and presenting them, participating in discussions, active participation in exercises, quizzes (40%)

Final assessment: oral exam (60%) in the form of a combination of theoretical questions and solving model case assignments using unannotated legal regulations

Grading scale: A/1 = 91–100%; B/1.5 = 81–90%; C/2 = 73–80%; D/2.5 = 66–72 %; E/3 = 60–65%; FX = 0–59%.

The course is examined using uncommented legal regulations.

English

1. Development of European integration; Membership in the EU; EU values and their enforcement

2. Division of competences; Principles of subsidiarity and proportionality

3. Institutional system of the EU – main institutions and issues of their joint functioning

4. System of EU law; Sources of EU law

5. EU law-making process

6. Fundamental application principles and doctrines of EU law

7. Forms and methods of the application of EU law

8. The integrative role of the process of legal harmonisation

9. Approach of national public authorities to the application of primary and secondary EU law

10. Judicial system of the European Union; Types of proceedings before the Court of Justice of the EU

11. Preliminary ruling procedure

12. Procedural autonomy of Member States

13. Authority of EU law and enforcement of obligations arising from EU membership

40/60

a) Knowledge:

The student has a comprehensive and integrated overview and advanced understanding of the legal order of the European Union, including its constitutional and institutional foundations, as well as the forms and methods of its application.

b) Skills:

The student is able to solve advanced case studies focused on European Union law, apply primary and secondary EU law, prepare advanced legal analyses, and follow procedures for assessing the validity of EU acts and the compatibility of national law.

c) Responsibility and autonomy:

The student is able to provide qualified conclusions and recommendations concerning the fundamental institutes of EU law, the submission of a preliminary question, and the application of EU law sources by national public authorities.

Mareček, Lukáš - Golovko, Liudmyla: Public International Law: Coursebook. Bratislava: Wolters Kluwer, 2022.

Malcolm N. Shaw.: International Law. 6th edition. Cambridge University Press, 2008

Malcolm D. Evans: International Law, 3th edition. Oxford University Press, New York, 2010

Ian Brownlie: principles of Public International law, 7th ed. Oxford University Press, 2008

Antonio Cassesse: International Law, 2nd edition, Oxford university press, 2005

David J. Harris: Cases and Materials on International Law, 7th ed., Sweet and Maxwell, London, 2010

Public International Law I Reader

International instruments, documents, decisions, etc.

www.un.org

http://treaties.un.org

www.icj-cij.org

www.pca-cpa.org

http://www.un.org/law/ilc/

The subject is assessed by means of an mid-term evaluation and a final oral exam.

The mid-term evaluation constitutes 40% of the total evaluation of the subject. It consists of an activity in class in the form of participation in discussions (10%) and a written examination (30%). The student must have at least 24% of the mid-term evaluation.

The final evaluation constitutes 60% of the total evaluation of the subject. It takes the form of an oral exam. During the examination, the student can use uncommented legal regulations and sources of international law. To successfully complete the subject, it is necessary to obtain a total of min. 60%.

English

1. Introduction to the international legal order

2. History of international law

3. Relationship between international law and national law

4. Sources of international law

5. Rules and principles of international law

6. Codification of international law

7. Subjects of international law I

8. Subjects of international law II

9. Subjects of international law III

10. Dispute resolution in international law

11. International responsibility I

12. International responsibility II

13. Sanction mechanism in international law

40/60

Knowledge: The student has a systematic overview and basic orientation in the field ofinternational law, its inclusion in a wider context, sources, subjects and issues related to its noncompliance.

Skills: The student can solve simple case studies focused on international law, can applyinternational law standards, can process a simple legal analysis.

Responsibility and independence: The student can provide recommendations regarding the basicinstitutions of international law.

ROGERSON, P. - COLLIER, J.: Conflict of Laws. 4th Revised edition, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 9780521735056

BOGDAN, M. – MAUNSBACH, U.: EU Private International Law: An ECJ Casebook. Europa Law Publishing, 2012, ISBN 978 908 952 20005

BOGDAN, M.: Concise Introduction to EU Private International Law. Europa Law Publishing, 2012, ISBN 9789089521088

LYSINA, P. (ed.) Basic institutes of Slovak private international law. Bratislava (Slovensko) : Wolters Kluwer, 2023. – ISBN 978-80-571-0605-0

LYSINA, P., BURDOVÁ, K.: Slovak Republic. 1. vyd. Alphen aan den Rijn (Holandsko) : Wolters Kluwer. Kluwer Law International, 2023.SBN 978-90-411-1555-3.

LYSINA, P., BURDOVÁ, K., SLAŠŤAN, M.: Handbook for seminars of private international law. Bratislava (Slovensko) : Wolters Kluwer ; Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave. Právnická fakulta UK, 2023. 742 s. ISBN 978-80-571-0603-6

Assessment consists of a mid-term examination (40%) and a final examination (60%). The midterm examination consists of a written theoretical test. The final examination is based on both a theoretical question and a simple case based examination.

Scale: A/1 = 91 – 100 %; B/1,5 = 81 – 90 %; C/2 = 73 – 80 %; D/2,5 = 66 – 72 %; E/3 = 60 – 65 %; FX = 0 – 59 %.

In the exam, students can use all available sources of legal information, mainly legislation, commentaries, case-law, legal treatises, and legal information systems.

English

1. Principles and fundamental concepts of private law. Introduction to the study of civil law in the European legal area. Concept, subject matter and subjects of private international law. The position of civil law and private international law within the system of private law in the EU Member States.

2. The foreign element in a legal relationship and in proceedings. International procedural law as part of private international law.

3. Sources of private international law. Unification and codification. International organisations and their significance for private international law.

4. The conflict-of-laws method and the direct method as methods for resolving conflicts of laws.

5.The conflict-of-laws rule and its application – the problem of qualification, renvoi, and transmission.

6. Ascertainment of foreign law in private international law and international civil procedure; the public policy (ordre public) exception; overriding mandatory rules.

7. The legal status of foreign nationals in respect of their personal and property rights; their status in proceedings; reciprocity.

8. International jurisdiction and international competence in private international law; choice of law and choice of court.

9. Legal assistance in relations with foreign countries; service of documents and requests for judicial assistance in private international law.

10. Evidentiary value of foreign public documents.

11. Recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments.

12. Free movement of judgments within the European Union – the European Order for Payment and the European Small Claims Procedure.

13. International arbitration.

40/60

Knowledge: the student has a systematic theoretical overview and basic orientation in the fieldof the basic institutes and procedural aspects of private international law, including its sources, peculiarities and its relationship to other branches.

Skills: the student can solve simple case studies focused on private international law, distinguisha purely national legal relationship from a legal relationship with links to several legal orders, elaborate a simple legal analysis.

Responsibility and independence: The student can make recommendations on the basic institutesof private international law.

ALEXY, R.: A Theory of Legal Argumentation: The Theory of Rational Discourse as Theory of Legal Justification. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2010, 352 p. ISBN 978-0199584222.

ARASZKIEWICZ, M. et al. (eds.): Argumentation 2011 (conference proceedings). Brno : Muni Press, 2011, 196 p. ISBN 978-80-210-5579-7.

ARASZKIEWICZ, M. et al. (eds.): Argumentation 2012 (conference proceedings). Brno : Muni Press, 2012, 141 p. ISBN 978-80-210-5948-1.

BOBEK, M.: Comparative Reasoning in European Supreme Courts. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2013, 310 p. ISBN 978-0-19-968038-2.

FINCH, E: Legal skills, Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2011, 458 p. 978-0-230-23008-8.  

HYAMS, R. – CAMPBELL, S. – EVANS, A.: Practical legal skills, Melbourne: Oxford   University Press, 2007, 153 p. 978-0-19-555137-2.

KRIEGER, S. H. – NEUMANN, R. K.: Essential Lawyering Skills : interviewing, counseling, negotiation, and persuasive fact analysis, New York : Wolters Kluwer, 2015, fifth edition, 367 p. eISBN: 978-1-4548-6087-7.  

MAUGHAN, C. – WEBB, J.: Lawyering skills and the legal process, New York : Cambridge   University Press, 2006, 443 p. ISBN 978-0-521-61950-9.  

PUTMAN, H. W. - ALBRIGHT, R. J.: Legal research, analysis, and writing, Clifton Park, N.Y.:   Delmar Cengage Learning, 2014, 679 p. 978-1-1335-9190-0.  

Continuous assessment: 100% (active participation in seminars, seminar work - 50% of the evaluation, oral presentation of the seminar paper - 50% of the evaluation)

Classification scale: A/1 = 91 – 100 %; B/1,5 = 81 – 90 %; C/2 = 73 – 80 %; D/2,5 = 66 – 72 %; E/3 = 60 – 65 %; FX = 0 – 59 %.

During the exam, the student can use all available sources of information, mostly the unpublished legislation, commentaries, case law, legal literature and legal information systems.

English

1. Introduction to the topic, highlighting the need for clinical education, skills and values

2. Legal language and interpretation, methods of interpretation

3. Selected aspects of legal argumentation

4. Ethical dilemmas, legal ethics

5. Perception of reality

6. Communication (simulations, meeting with a client)

7. Research, working with sources, legal information systems

8. Drafting legal texts in practice

9. Negotiation

10. Speech and non-verbal communication

11. Final student presentations I.

12. Final student presentations II.

13. Final student presentations III.

100/0

Knowledge: After completing the course, the student is able to independently approach the solution of a specific legal problem, with which he/she may later be confronted in practice. The course primarily aims to build on the initial theoretical knowledge base of the student, who will already be familiar with the national legal regulation, and to expand this knowledge with an element of practical skills and thus comprehensively prepare students for the application of law. The aim of the course is for the student to master the process of legal research, to develop legal thinking and to be able to produce a legal analysis of a problem of an interdisciplinary nature. The student will master the principles of legal reasoning and the structure of legal pleadings.

The course is taught using uncommented legal regulations.

Skills:

Student:  

can analyse and interpret legal texts, case law and other legal sources relevant to the assigned case

can draft legal analyses, opinions, pleadings and other documents

effectively applies theoretical knowledge to the solution of a practical case

improves their ability to express complex legal opinions clearly and accurately

works as part of a team in strategic case management

develops critical thinking and the ability to argue on the basis of facts and law

Responsibility and independence: Students work in groups when completing assignments, independently studying literature, case law, and actively participating in the preparation of the assigned tasks

JACOBS, WHITE, OVEY,: The European Convention on Human Rights. 6. vydanie. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014

GREER, S.: The European Convention on Human Rights: Achievments, Problems and Prospects. Cambridge University Press, 2006

JANIS, W., M. – KAY, R.,S. – BRADLEY, A.,W.: European Human Rights Law, Text and Materials. Third Edition, 2008

KELLER, H. – STONE-SWEET, A. (eds.): A Europe of Rights. Oxford University Press, 2008 LETSAS, G.: A Theory of Interpretation of the European Convention on Human Rights, Oxford University Press, 2008

REID, K.: A Practitioner's Guide to the European Convention on Human Rights. 3rd Edition, Sweet & Maxwell, 2008

Written assignment / case presentation / seminar participation and ongoing completion of written tasks (20%).

Final Assessment: Written examination – theoretical questions and analysis of a model case (80%).

Grading Scale: A (1) = 91–100%; B (1.5) = 81–90%; C (2) = 73–80%; D (2.5) = 66–72%; E (3) = 60–65%; FX (fail) = 0–59%.

During the examination, students may use all available sources of legal information, in particular unannotated legislation, commentaries, case law, legal literature, and legal information systems.

English

1. The Theoretical Foundations of Human Rights

-The concept of human rights and fundamental freedoms: meaning, characteristics, and classification

-Human dignity

-Limitation and interpretation of rights and freedoms

2.National and supranational dimensions of human rights protection

-The United Nations System of Human Rights Protection

-The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

-The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

-Protection mechanisms, institutions, and basic procedural principles

3. The European Convention on Human Rights

-Characteristics and historical development

-Fundamental procedural principles

-The European Court of Human Rights (composition and jurisdiction)

-The Committee of Ministers (competences)

4.The Right to Life

-Substantive and procedural dimensions of the right to life

-The standard of “absolute necessity”

5.Prohibition of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment

-Nature of the right and elements of Article 3 ECHR

-Conditions of detention, deportation, interrogation, and other practical aspects

6. The Right to Liberty and Security

-Presumptions and requirements under ECtHR case law

-Substantive and procedural aspects of Article 5 ECHR

7.The Right to a Fair Trial

-Nature and scope of application

-Independence and impartiality of the tribunal

-Civil and criminal dimensions

8.The Right to Respect for Private and Family Life

-Concept of privacy and family life

-Evolution of the right and its application to specific situations

9.Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion

-Nature and scope of the right

-Manifestation of religion (beliefs, dress, proselytism)

-State neutrality and the relationship between state and religion

10.Freedom of Expression

-Importance and categories of expression

-Scope of protection (content and persons concerned)

-Responsibility and permissible limitations

11.Freedom of Assembly and Association

-Content of both rights; peaceful and spontaneous assemblies

-Associations, trade unions, and political parties

12. Prohibition of Discrimination

-Nature of the prohibition under the Convention

-Differential treatment and types of discrimination

-Practical application of non-discrimination principles

13. The Right to Property

-Content and significance of property rights

-The three rules of property protection under the Convention

-Restrictions and expropriation

14. Protection of Human Rights within the European Union

-Case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union

-The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union

20/80

a) Knowledge: Upon completion of the course, the student possesses comprehensive knowledge in the field of human rights (fundamental rights), with particular emphasis on the European dimension of these values, including relevant case law of the European Court of Human Rights. The student understands the significance and importance of civil and political rights, as well as the mechanisms governing their application and permissible limitations. The student is also familiar with the principles and procedural rules governing proceedings before the European Court of Human Rights and the United Nations Human Rights Committee, including the relevant jurisprudence of the ECtHR in this field.

b) Skills: The student is able to interpret and apply legal norms relating to human rights and is capable of preparing and analysing legal problems through a human rights perspective, supported by structured and well-reasoned argumentation.

c) Responsibility and Autonomy:

The student is capable of independent critical thinking and of articulating well-founded positions on issues related to human rights (fundamental rights), supported by relevant legal arguments and jurisprudence.

Kuril, M.: International and European Labour Law (selected chapters). Bratislava, VO PF UK, 2009.

Barnard, C. EU Employment Law. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2012.

Blanpain, R.: European Labour Law, Fourteenth Revised Edition 14th Edition. Alphen aan den Rijn : Kluwer Law & Business, 2014.

Schlachter, M. a kol: EU labour law a commentary. Alphen aan den Rijn: Kluwer Law International, 2015.

Servais, J-M.: International Labour Law, 5th edition. London : Kluwer Law International, 2017.

Humblet,M. - Silva, R.: Standards for the XXIst Century - Social Security. Geneva : ILO, 2002

Pennings, F.J.L: European Social Security Law, 6th edition. London : Intersentia, 2015.

Continuous assessment constitutes 30% of the overall evaluation and consists of active participation in seminars, the resolution of case studies, and the preparation of legal analyses in accordance with the instructor’s assignment.

Final assessment constitutes 70% of the overall evaluation and takes the form of an oral examination, which includes the preparation of a model case and a subsequent oral discussion of its solution.

The grading scale is as follows: A/1 = 91–100%, B/1.5 = 81–90%, C/2 = 73–80%, D/2.5 = 66–72%, E/3 = 60–65%, FX = 0–59%.

During the examination, students may use all available sources of legal information, in particular unannotated legislation, commentaries, case law, legal literature and legal information systems.

English

1. Introduction to International and European Union Labor Law and Social Security Law – sources, principles and fundamental concepts 

2. International and European institutions – EU, UN, ILO, Council of Europe

3. Free movement of workers and the protection of social rights 

4. Posting of workers and private international labor law 

5. European Union anti-discrimination law – fundamental concepts and prohibited grounds of discrimination 

6. The principle of equal treatment on grounds of sex and its implementation 

7. Atypical forms of work (part-time work, fixed-term employment, temporary agency work) 

8. Protection of specific groups of employees (women, young workers, persons with family responsibilities) 

9. Working time, paid leave, and occupational health and safety 

10. Protection of employees in cases of collective redundancies, transfers of undertakings and employer insolvency 

11. Social dialogue and collective labor law 

12. Introduction to international and European Union social security law and the coordination of social security systems 

13. Revision and systematic review of key legal principles 

30/70

Knowledge 

Upon completion of the course, the student is able to explain the system, sources and fundamental principles of international labor law, European Union labor law and European Union social security law. The student understands the institutional and law-making framework of the United Nations, the International Labor Organization, the Council of Europe and the European Union in the field of labor law and social security law. The student is able to characterize the legal regulation of the free movement of workers, the posting of workers, European Union anti-discrimination law, atypical forms of work and the protection of employees in specific situations. The student understands the principles governing the coordination of social security systems within the European Union and the relationship between labor law and social security law at the international and European Union levels.

Skills 

The student is able to identify and apply the norms of international labor law and European Union labor law and social security law to specific legal situations. The student can analyze a model case in the field of labor law or social security law, determine the relevant legal framework and propose a solution in accordance with applicable international instruments and European Union law. The student is capable of working with the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union and other relevant international judicial or supervisory bodies and using it in legal reasoning. The student is able to formulate a legal issue, address it systematically and defend their conclusions in a professional and structured manner. 

Responsibility and Autonomy 

The student is capable of independently identifying and critically evaluating international and European Union legal sources in the field of labor law and social security law. In addressing legal issues, the student proceeds systematically and takes into account the broader social and value-based context of the protection of employees and social rights within the European Union. The student is able to formulate a qualified professional opinion and assume responsibility for its substantive and argumentative justification.

Mareček, Lukáš - Golovko, Liudmyla: Public International Law: Coursebook. Bratislava: Wolters Kluwer, 2022.

Malcolm N. Shaw.: International Law. 6 th edition. Cambridge University Press, 2008

Malcolm D. Evans: International Law, 3 th edition. Oxford University Press, New York, 2010

Ian Brownlie: Principles of Public International law, 7th ed. Oxford University Press, 2008

Roger O'Keefe: International Criminal Law, 1st ed. Oxford University Press, 2015

Antonio Cassesse: International Law, 2nd edition, Oxford university press, 2005

David J. harris: Cases and Materials on International Law, 7th ed., Sweet and Maxwell, London, 2010

Public International Law II Reader

www.un.org

http://treaties.un.org

www.icj-cij.org

www.pca-cpa.org

http://www.un.org/law/ilc/

The subject is assessed by means of an mid-term evaluation and a final oral exam.

The mid-term evaluation constitutes 40% of the total evaluation of the subject. It consists of an activity in class in the form of participation in discussions (10%) and a written examination (30%). The student must have at least 24% of the mid-term evaluation.

The final evaluation constitutes 60% of the total evaluation of the subject. It takes the form of an oral exam. During the examination, the student can use uncommented legal regulations and sources of international law. To successfully complete the subject, it is necessary to obtain a total of min. 60%.

English

1. State sovereignty and territory

2. State population and diplomatic protection

3. International territorial regimes

4. International environmental law I

5. International environmental law II

6. International human rights law I

7. International human rights law II

8. International diplomatic and consular law

9. International treaty law

10. International humanitarian law

11. International criminal law I

12. International criminal law II

13. International criminal law III

40/60

a) Knowledge: The student has a systematic overview and basic orientation in the field of international law and a comprehensive overview of the position of the individual in the context of international law.

b) Skills: The student can solve simple case studies focused on international law, can apply international law standards, can process a simple legal analysis.

c) Responsibility and independence: The student can provide recommendations regarding the basic institutions of international law and the position of the individual in international law.

ROGERSON, P. - COLLIER, J.: Conflict of Laws. 4th Revised edition, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 9780521735056

BOGDAN, M. – MAUNSBACH, U.: EU Private International Law: An ECJ Casebook. Europa Law Publishing, 2012, ISBN 978 908 952 20005

BOGDAN, M.: Concise Introduction to EU Private International Law. Europa Law Publishing, 2012, ISBN 9789089521088

LYSINA, P. (ed.) Basic institutes of Slovak private international law. Bratislava (Slovensko) : Wolters Kluwer, 2023. – ISBN 978-80-571-0605-0

LYSINA, P., BURDOVÁ, K.: Slovak Republic. 1. vyd. Alphen aan den Rijn (Holandsko) : Wolters Kluwer. Kluwer Law International, 2023.SBN 978-90-411-1555-3.

LYSINA, P., BURDOVÁ, K., SLAŠŤAN, M.: Handbook for seminars of private international law. Bratislava (Slovensko) : Wolters Kluwer ; Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave. Právnická fakulta UK, 2023. 742 s. ISBN 978-80-571-0603-6

Assessment consists of a mid-term examination (40%) and a final examination (60%). The mid-term examination consists of a written theoretical test. The final examination is based on both a theoretical question and a simple case based examination.

Scale: A/1 = 91 – 100 %; B/1,5 = 81 – 90 %; C/2 = 73 – 80 %; D/2,5 = 66 – 72 %; E/3 = 60 – 65 %; FX = 0 – 59 %.

In the exam, students can use all available sources of legal information, mainly legislation, commentaries, case-law, legal treatises, and legal information systems.

English

1. Statutes and their place in private international law.

2. Personal statute in private international law – natural persons and legal persons; applicable law, jurisdiction, recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments.

3. Property statute in private international law – jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments.

4. Property relations involving a foreign element; contractual and non-contractual obligations in private international law.

5. Consumer contracts in private international law.

6. Employment statute in private international law – jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of judgments.

7. Succession statute – jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments.

8. Family statute – relations between spouses – jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments.

9. Family statute – relations between parents and children – jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments.

10. Family statute – maintenance obligations – jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments.

11. Free movement of foreign judgments and the impact of the legislative activity of the European Union

12. Use of foreign public documents.

13. Alternative methods of dispute resolution in private law.

40/60

(a) Knowledge: the student is oriented to the issues of status in private international law. The student has a systematic overview and basic orientation in the field of legal regulation of status in private international law by international civil law rules, conflict of law rules and direct rules.

b) Skills: the student can solve more complex case studies focused on private international law, can correctly apply the rules of private international law in common situations brought by legal practice.

(c) Responsibility and independence: The student can make recommendations on how to deal with the rules of private international law.

MOLITERNO, J. E.: Slovak Comparative Ethics Course Material, 2015

KRONMAN, A. T.: The Lost Lawyer. Harvard Univ. Press, 1995

O´DAIR, R.: Legal Ethics. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2000

BIESEN, Ph. van den: Building on Basic Principles. Leiden: Stichting, 2011

As well as other literature as assigned by the teacher.

On-going evaluation: 50 % (on-going evaluation based on the activities on seminars, case studies and legal analyses)

Final examination: 50 % (oral examination composed of case studies and oral discussion on cases)

Classification scale: A/1 = 91 – 100 %; B/1,5 = 81 – 90 %; C/2 = 73 – 80 %; D/2,5 = 66 – 72 %; E/3 = 60 – 65 %; FX = 0 – 59 %.

Students are allowed to use all accessible sources of legal information, mainly non-commentary laws, commentaries, case law, legal literature and legal information systems.

English

1.Basics of legal ethics

2. Ethical theories and legal ethics

3. Justice, ethics and law

4. Models and ethical norms

5. Human dignity and legal ethics

6. Ethics and professionalism of the legal professions, professional responsibility and professional standards – attorneys I

7. Ethics and professionalism of the legal professions, professional responsibility and professional standards – attorneys II – client-attorney relationship

8. Ethics and professionalism of the legal professions, professional responsibility and professional standards - judges – The Bangalore principles

9. Ethics and professionalism of the legal professions, professional responsibility and professional standards - prosecutors.

10. Ethics and professionalism of the legal professions, professional responsibility and human rights.

11. Professional duties, professional rules and codes of ethics.

12. Professional duties, corruption and the law.

13. Conscience and guilt.

50/50

Knowledge: The student will acquire expert and practical knowledge of legal ethics and the ethical relationships within various legal professions. The course will include practical real-world and hypothetical examples, comparative analyses of ethical codes in different countries, international regulation, and the theory of legal ethics. The student will learn and understand the ethical principles of various legal professions (conflict of interest, duty of confidentiality, relationships between lawyer-lawyer, judge-judge, judge-public, and prosecutor-public).

Students will gain:

An overview of how selected ethical dilemmas have been resolved in practice by the relevant disciplinary panels or ethics committees in Slovakia and abroad;

An opportunity to compare their own proposed solutions;

Insight into the broader context of ethical rules in relation to the principles of the rule of law.

Skills: The student will be able to identify ethical issues that arise in legal practice and address ethical dilemmas faced by attorneys, judges, notaries, prosecutors, government officials, and others. The student will have the ability to independently integrate knowledge, navigate the complexities of ethical analysis, and lead discussions on the resolution of ethical dilemmas. The student will also possess the skills to conduct effective research, search relevant information sources, present their views, and respond to objections during discussions.

Responsibility and independence: The student will be able to creatively apply the principles of legal ethics to practical, real-world, and hypothetical examples and to cases relevant to legal ethics. The student will be able to compare their own proposed solutions with the principles of legal ethics.

Required independent work of student: 36 hours.

Christian Reus-Smit and Duncan Snidal: The Oxford Handbook of International Relations. Oxfor University Press, 2008

John Baylis and Steve Smith: The Globalization of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations. Oxford University Press, 2017

Henry A. Kissinger: Diplomacy. Simon&Schuster, New York 1994

News & Media, international instruments, documents, decisions, etc.

Continuous assessment – ​​100% of the total assessment – ​​activity in seminars in the form of participation in discussions.

The course is examined partly with the use of unannotated legal texts, in accordance with the instructor’s instructions.

Grading scale: A/1 = 91 – 100%;

B/1.5 = 81 – 90%; C/2 = 73 – 80%; D/2.5 = 66 – 72%; E/3 = 61 – 65%; FX = 0 – 60%.

English

1. Theories of international relations

2. Historic aspects of international relations

3. Global Westphalian system

4. Emerging of the Cold War

5. Deepening of the Cold War in 60’s

6. Current international security environment

7. Foreign policy of the USA

8. Russia and its place in the World

9. Islam and international relations

10. China and India as actors of international relations

11. Middle East – epicenter of conflicts

12. International Terrorism

13. Basic strategic trends of the 21st century

14. Current issues of international relations

100/0

Knowledge: The student is familiar with the theories and concepts of international relations, is familiar with the historical development of international relations, the current characteristics of the international political system, has an orientation in current issues and trends in international relations and politics.

Abilities: The student can analytically and critically assess and interpret international political events from different positions. Has the communication skills necessary to present arguments. Can propose solutions to international challenges.

Responsibility and independence: The student can make ethical and responsible decisions taking into account the global and multicultural implications of actions. Is aware of the responsibility for maintaining international security, peace and sustainable development of people and states within the international community.

ROBINSON, O.F. - FERGUS, T.D.- GORDON, W.H.: European legal history: sources and institutions. London Butterworth, 2000.

GLYN WATKIN, T.: An historical introduction to modern civil law. Aldershot : Ashgate, 1999

BAKER, J.H.: An Introduction to English Legal History. London: Butterworths, 2002. ISBN 0406930538.

The student has a basic overview of the historical development of states and society, especially within continental Europe and North America.

Continuous assessment will constitute 100% of the final assessment.

1. 50% of the assessment will be awarded based on a test conducted at the end of the teaching part of the semester;

2. 20% of the assessment will be awarded based on the evaluation of in-class activity, solving written and group assignments and practical tasks directly during sessions;

3. 30% of the assessment will be awarded based on the preparation of a seminar paper on a selected topic and its oral presentation.

Classification scale: A/1 = 91 – 100%; B/1.5 = 81 – 90%; C/2 = 73 – 80%; D/2.5 = 66 – 72%; E/3 = 60 – 65%; FX = 0 – 59%.

1. Introduction to the study of the history of private law - basic concepts, periods and terminology

2. The development of Roman private law, ius commune and its reception

3. The development of canon law and its influence on private law

4. The development of feudal private law

5. The era of codification

6. The development of the Anglo-American system

7. The development of selected institutes of personal law

8. The development of selected institutes of family law

9. The development of selected institutes of inheritance law

10. Institutes of property rights in historical perspective

11. The development of obligation rights in historical perspective (contractual and quasi-contractual obligations)

12. The development of obligation rights in historical perspective (obligations arising from delicts)

13. The development of commercial law

14. The development of labour law in historical perspective

15. Final presentations

a) Knowledge: Student has a basic overview of the historical development of private law, private law branches and their institutes in the main European and selected non-European jurisdictions and is also familiar with the development and influence of Roman law and canon law on private law in continental Europe. The student is familiar with the specific development of private law, which led to the formation of common law.

b) Skills: Student is able to identify, characterize, understand and analyse the tendencies of the development of selected private law branches and their institutes. The student is able to critically examine similar and different elements of legal institutes and branches in the examined jurisdictions.

c) Responsibility and independence: The student is able to create a written work on a selected topic based on his/her own research and to work with primary and secondary sources and defend the results of this work.

ROBINSON, O.F. - FERGUS, T.D.- GORDON, W.H.: European Legal History: Sources and Institutions. London Butterworth, 2000.

BAKER, J.H.: An Introduction to English Legal History. London: Butterworths, 2002. ISBN 0406930538.

The student has a basic overview of the historical development of states and society, especially within continental Europe and North America.

Continuous assessment will constitute 100% of the final assessment.

1. 50% of the assessment will be awarded based on the test conducted at the end of the teaching part of the semester;

2. 20% of the assessment will be awarded based on the evaluation of in-class activity, solving written and group assignments and practical tasks directly during sessions;

3. 30% of the assessment will be awarded based on the preparation of a seminar paper on a selected topic and its oral presentation.

Classification scale: A/1 = 91 – 100%; B/1.5 = 81 – 90%; C/2 = 73 – 80%; D/2.5 = 66 – 72%; E/3 = 60 – 65%; FX = 0 – 59%.

English

1. Introduction to the study of the history of public law - basic concepts, periods and terminology

2. The emergence of states

3. Constitutional and administrative law of Greek states

4. The development of constitutional and administrative law in ancient Rome

5. Feudal constitutional and administrative law

6. Constitutional and administrative law of modern states

7. The concept of human rights and its emergence

8. Conditions for the emergence and development of the parliamentary form of government

9. Forms of government in the 19th century

10. Forms of government in the 20th century

11. Democracy and democratic forms of government

12. Totalitarian forms of government

13. Main tendencies in the development of criminal law in antiquity and the Middle Ages

14. Main tendencies in the development of criminal law in the modern age

15. Final presentations

a) Knowledge: Student has a basic overview of the historical development of public law, public law branches (especially constitutional, administrative and criminal law) and their institutes in the main European and selected non-European jurisdictions and has knowledge of the basic historical trends in the development of the state and law leading to the creation of feudal states, which were replaced by absolutist bureaucratic states in continental Europe and of the parallel development in England, where the conditions were created for the emergence of the parliamentary form of government, which led to a different historical tradition of forms of government in Western Europe itself even before the First World War. Student is also familiar with the issues of interwar development in Europe and the formation of totalitarian forms of government and the emergence and development of the concept of human rights.

b) Skills: Student is able to identify, characterize and analyse the tendencies of the development of selected institutes of constitutional and administrative law. Student can critically examine similar and different elements of legal institutions and branches on public law in the particular jurisdictions.

c) Responsibility and independence: Student is able to create a written work on a selected topic based on his/her own research and to work with primary and secondary sources and defend the results of the work.

ZWEIGERT, K. - KÖTZ: An Introduction to Comparative Law. 3rd Ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.

KNAPP, C. - CRYSTAL, N. - PRINCE, H.: Problems in Contract Law. Cases and Materials. Frederick: Aspen Publishers, 2007.

ZIMMERMANN, R.: The Law of Obligations. Roman Foundations of the Civilian Tradition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.

BACKER, L. et al.: Comparative Corporate Law. United States, European Union, China and Japan. Cases and Materials. Durham: Carolina Academic Press, 2002.

CHEFFINS, B.: Company Law. Theory, Structure and Operation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.

Student has a basic overview of legal systems (geographical location, form of government, international status, etc.).

The student can work independently with primary and secondary sources.

Continuous assessment will constitute 100% of the final assessment.

1. 20% of the assessment will be awarded based on the test conducted during the teaching part of the semester;

2. 30% of the assessment will be awarded based on the evaluation of in-class activity, solving written and group assignments and practical tasks directly during sessions;

3. 50% of the assessment will be awarded based on the preparation of a comparative analysis on a selected topic and its oral presentation.

Classification scale: A/1 = 91 – 100%; B/1.5 = 81 – 90%; C/2 = 73 – 80%; D/2.5 = 66 – 72%; E/3 = 60 – 65%; FX = 0 – 59%.

The course is examined in part with the use of unannotated legislation, in accordance with the instructor’s instructions.

English

Students work together to select topics to be covered during the semester. For topics 2 and 3, students have the opportunity to choose specific legal families / legal systems they want to learn about in more detail; for weeks 4 – 13, students can select 8 legal fields (topics no. 4 – 13) to learn about in more detail:

1. Comparative law (comparison in law) – concept, subject, methods, utilization

2. Comparison of legal families

3. Legal systems

4. Personal law and protection of personal integrity in a comparative perspective

5. Family law in selected jurisdictions

6. Comparative inheritance law

7. Property rights in a comparative perspective

8. Comparative contract law

9. Comparative tort law

10. Commercial law in a comparative perspective

11. Copyright in a comparative perspective

12. Consumer and its protection in comparative perspective

13. Comparative labour law

14. Presentations of comparative analyses

a) Knowledge: Student has a basic overview of the methods of comparative law and the institutes of private law, in particular the main jurisdictions of the Western civilization, i.e. within the continental European and Anglo-American legal families. Student is familiar with various culturally and historically diverse approaches to solving certain legal problem and justification for given approach.

b) Skills: Student is able to apply comparative methods in practice, identify, analyse and compare the tendencies of the development of selected private law branches and their institutes in selected legal systems. The student is able to critically examine the approaches of selected legal systems to the legal regulation of a certain institute.

c) Responsibility and independence: Student is able to create a written comparative analysis on a selected topic and defend the results, while given the greatest possible degree of independence in choosing and processing the topic.

LAMBERT, E.: Comparative Law. In: Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, zv. 4. Londýn: Macmillan, 1931.

WATSON, A.: Legal Transplants. An Approach to Comparative Law. Athens (Georgia): University of Georgia Press, 1993. ISBN 082031532X.

Elgar Encyclopedia of Comparative Law (2nd ed.)

ROSEFENFELD, M. - SAJÓ, A.: The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Constitutional Law. London: Oxford University Press, 2012

Student has a basic overview of legal systems (geographical location, form of government, international status, etc.).

The student can work independently with primary and secondary sources.

Continuous assessment will constitute 100% of the final assessment.

1. 20% of the assessment will be awarded based on the test conducted during the teaching part semester;

2. 30% of the assessment will be awarded based on the evaluation of in-class activity, solving written and group assignments and practical tasks directly during sessions;

3. 50% of the assessment will be awarded based on the preparation of a comparative analysis on a selected topic and its oral presentation.

Classification scale: A/1 = 91 – 100%; B/1.5 = 81 – 90%; C/2 = 73 – 80%; D/2.5 = 66 – 72%; E/3 = 60 – 65%; FX = 0 – 59%.

The course is examined in part with the use of unannotated legislation, in accordance with the instructor’s instructions.

English

1. Comparative law (comparison in law) – concept, subject, methods, utilization

2. Overview of the concepts of the rule of law, separation of powers and typologies of constitutions

3. Representative and electoral systems

4. Comparison of the concepts of monarchy and republic with emphasis on the authority of the head of state

5. Parliamentary forms of government - general overview, United Kingdom, Spain, Eastern Europe

6. Presidential forms of government - general overview, United States of America, Latin America

7. Mixed forms of government - general overview, France, Russia

8. Unitary and composite states

9. Fundamental rights

10. Constitutional control of power

11. Comparison of basic models of social security

12. Substantive criminal law - basic overview, definition of crime and criminal liability

13. Criminal procedural law - inquisitorial c/a adversarial model

14. Presentations of comparative analyses

a) Knowledge: Student has a basic overview of key branches and institutes of public law in a comparative perspective in selected European and American jurisdictions, in particular the rule of law, concepts of separation and balance of powers, representative systems of indirect democracy, forms of government, state arrangements and state regimes, constitutional overview, concepts of rights and freedoms. Student recognizes various culturally and historically diverse approaches to solving a certain legal problem and justification for given approach.

b) Skills: Student is able to apply comparative methods in practice, identify, analyse and compare the tendencies of the development of selected public law branches and their institutes in selected legal systems. The student is able to critically examine the approaches of selected legal systems to the legal regulation of a certain institute.

c) Responsibility and independence: Student is able to create a written comparative analysis on a selected topic and defend the results, while given the greatest possible degree of independence in choosing and processing the topic.

TRICKER, B. Corporate Governance: Principles, Policies, and Practices.4th edition, OxfordUniversity Press, 2019.

HOPT, K. J. – WYMEERSCH, E. – KANDA, H. – BAUM, H. (eds.) Corporate Governance in Context: Corporations, States, and Markets in Europe, Japan, and the US. Oxford University Press, 2005.

SIEMS, M. – CABRELLI, D. (edited) Comparative Company Law: A Case-Based Approach.

2nd edition, Hart Publishing, 2018.

PACES, A. Rethinking Corporate Governance: The Law and Economics of Control Powers (Routledge Research in Corporate Law). 1st edition, Routledge, 2015.

DORRESTEIJN, A. F. M. –TEICHMANN, C. – WERLAUFF, E. – MONTEIRO, T. –

POCHER, N. European Corporate Law (European Company Law Series). 3rd edition, Kluwer Law International, 2017.

FERRAN, E. Company Law and Corporate Finance. Oxford University Press, 1999.

FERRAN, E. – CHAN HO, L. Principles Corporate Finance. 2nd edition. Oxford UniversityPress, 2014.

KRAAKMAN, R. – J. ARMOUR, J. – DAVIES, P – ENRIQUES, L. – HANSMANN, H. –HERTIG, K. – HOPT, K. – KANDA, H. – PARGENDLER, M. – RINGE, W.-G. – ROCK, E. The Anatomy of Corporate Law: A Comparative and Functional Approach. 3rd Edition, Oxford University Press, 2017.

ZINKIN, J. The Challenge of Sustainability: Corporate Governance in a Complicated World (The Alexandra Lajoux Corporate Governance Series). De Gruyter, 2020.

Continuous assessment: 100% (written assignments and active participation in seminars – 70%; final written submission or case study – 30%) Final assessment:

Grading scale: A/1 = 91 – 100 %; B/1,5 = 81 – 90 %; C/2 = 73 – 80 %; D/2,5 = 66 – 72 %; E/3 = 60 – 65 %; FX = 0 – 59 %.

During assessment, students may use all available legal information sources, in particular statutory texts (without commentary), commentaries, case law, legal literature, and legal information systems.

English

1. Introduction to corporate governance

2. Corporate Governance vs. Management

3. Agency problems in corporations

4. Corporate governance failures and their consequences I (Enron case study)

5. Corporate governance failures and their consequences II (Theranos case study)

6. Selected corporate scandals from different jurisdictions

7. Specificities of corporate governance in startup companies

8. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and non-financial reporting

9. Capital markets and the role of institutional investors in corporate governance

10. Financial crisis

11. The role of lawyers in corporate governance

12. Development of skills required for completing written assignments and oral interaction

13. Preparation of final assignment – case study / essay

100/0

Upon completion of the course Corporate Governance, students acquire a comprehensive understanding of the governance of corporations with emphasis on legal and organizational aspects. The course is delivered through lectures, case study analysis, and discussions. Students become familiar with the role of governing bodies, the rights and duties of board members and supervisory boards, and the principles of corporate governance in an international context. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of real cases of major corporate scandals that led to significant legislative changes, as well as to current trends and challenges in corporate governance.

Knowledge:

Students gain the ability to navigate the fundamental principles of corporate governance and understand the relationships between shareholders, boards, and other stakeholders. They understand the role of corporate bodies, liability aspects, agency problems, and mechanisms for addressing them.

Skills:

Students are able to analyse and solve problems related to corporate governance, including decision-making processes. They can critically evaluate the impact of legislative changes on the corporate environment. Students are also able to independently prepare analyses of specific corporate scandals, selected companies and their annual reports, and present them.

Responsibility and Independence:

Students are able to independently identify and analyse legal problems in corporate governance and formulate legal arguments and solutions.

Antonio Cassese: International Criminal Law, 2nd edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.

Antonio Cassese: International Criminal Law: Cases and Commentary. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.

Bassiouni: Introduction to International Criminal Law, 2nd revised edition. Martinus Nijhoff, 2012,

Carsten Stahn, Larissa van den Herik: Future Perspectives on International Criminal Justice. T.M.C. Asser Press, 2010.

Carsten Stahn, Goran Sluiter: The Emerging Practice of the International Criminal Court (Legal Aspects of International Organization). Brill, 2009.

Cryer, R., Friman, H., Robinson, D., Wilmshurst, E.: An Introduction to International Criminal Law and Procedure, 2nd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

Dieter Fleck: The Handbook of Humanitarian Law in Armed Conflict, 2th edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.

Gary D. Solis: The Law of Armed Conflict: International Humanitarian Law in War. Cambridge University Press, 2010.

Continues evaluation: 50% (continuous assessment consists of participation in seminars, the preparation of case studies, and legal analyses as assigned)

Final evaluation: 50% (oral exam consisting of the elaboration on the case and its discussion) In the exam, students can use all available sources of legal information, mainly legislation, commentaries, case-law, legal treatises, and legal information systems.

Scale: A/1 = 91–100%; B/1,5 =81–90%; C/2 = 73–80%; D/2,5 = 66–72%; E: 60 – 65%, Fx: 0–59%.

English

1. Introduction, Terms and subject of the ICL, History of the ICL

2. Sources of the ICL, Humanitarian law,

3. Law of armed conflict, Rome statute

4. Nurnberg tribunal

5. ICTY, ICTR, ICC, Hybrid tribunals

6. Jurisdiction of the ICC

7. Genocide (Akayesu case)

8. Crimes against humanity (Blaskic, Tadic case)

9. War crimes (Tadic case)

10. Aggression (Kampala conference)

11. Complementarity principle (Tadic, Lubanga case)

12. Cooperation between the ICC and the states (Miloševič, Pinochet case)

13. Proceeding before the ICC

14. Moot

100/0

(a) Knowledge:

The student is oriented in the field of international criminal law and understands its basic principles and institutions. The student has a basic overview of the prosecution of international crimes, in particular genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression. The student understands the role and functioning of international criminal tribunals and courts, especially ICTY, ICTR and the International Criminal Court (ICC), as well as the basic concepts of international justice and international humanitarian law.

(b) Skills:

The student can analyse case studies related to international crimes and apply relevant rules of international criminal law to specific situations. The student is able to interpret the jurisdiction and procedures of international criminal tribunals and courts and to assess basic legal issues related to international criminal responsibility.

(c) Responsibility and independence:

The student is able to independently assess legal issues arising in the field of international criminal justice and propose appropriate solutions in accordance with the applicable legal framework. Teaching also reflects the requirements of practical application in the areas of judiciary, international justice and legal professions.

Fisher, R. – Ury, W. – Patton, B.: Getting to YES: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In. Cornerstone, 2012.

Chris Voss, Tahl Raz: Never Split the Difference, Cornerstone, 2017

Tim Castle: The Art of Negotiation: How To Get What You Want (Every Time), I_AM Self-Publishing, 2018;

Derek Borthwick: The Art of Negotiation How to Master Getting to Yes: Discover The Secrets Of Power Negotiating & How To Negotiate Getting Past No, In Sales, Business, Management, Real Estate & In Your Personal Life, Independently published, 2024

Continuous Assessment: 50% (written assignments relating to cases discussed in class, prepared in the form of meta-mooting, i.e negotiation diaries)

Final Assessment: 50% (case analysis using the meta-mooting methodology)

Grading Scale: A/1 = 91 – 100 %; B/1,5 = 81 – 90 %; C/2 = 73 – 80 %; D/2,5 = 66 – 72 %; E/3 = 60 – 65 %; FX = 0 – 59 %.

During the examination, students may use all available sources of legal information, in particular statutory texts (without commentary), commentaries, case law, legal literature, and legal information systems.

English

1. Negotiation skills – cognitive skills

2. Negotiation skills – communication skills

3. Negotiation skills – strategic skills

4. Negotiation skills – relational skills

5. Analysis of the structural differences between negotiation, mediation, and related processes

6. The nature of bilateral and multilateral negotiation I

7. The nature of bilateral and multilateral negotiation II

8. The use of conflict-based and consensus-based methods in negotiation

9. Analysis of parties in negotiation, their personalities, motivations, and interests

10. Preparation for negotiation, determination of position and alternatives; their evolution during the negotiation

11. Coalitions in multilateral negotiation

12. Value creation and consensus-building in negotiation

13. The use of agents in negotiation

The course Negotiation provides students with a systematic and practice-oriented understanding of the theory and practice of negotiation in various institutional, business, and political contexts. It focuses on the core concepts of negotiation, including bilateral and multilateral negotiations, coalition-building and coalition dynamics, distribution of power among actors, and the management of individual phases of the negotiation process. Students acquire key concepts such as positional and interest-based bargaining, BATNA, negotiation strategy and tactics, as well as principles of effective negotiation preparation.

The course further addresses the analysis of parties’ interests, the role of third parties and mediation, conflict dynamics, and the possibilities of reaching agreements under conditions of uncertainty and time pressure. Particular attention is devoted to the ethical dimensions of negotiation, the assessment of agreement quality, and the long-term sustainability of negotiated outcomes. Through simulated negotiations, case studies, and subsequent ex post analysis, students gain practical experience in conducting negotiations, formulating strategies, and evaluating the tactical approaches applied. This approach enhances their ability to critically analyze negotiation processes and to navigate complex negotiation settings in a professional environment.

Knowledge:

Upon completion of the course, students will understand the fundamental theoretical concepts of negotiation and their practical application. They will become familiar with the differences between bilateral and multilateral negotiations, the principles of coalition formation and functioning, the dynamics of power distribution among actors, and the management of the main phases of the negotiation process (preparation, conduct of negotiations, and conclusion of agreements). Students will gain insight into the identification and analysis of parties’ interests, including the role of third parties, mediators, and other external actors. They will understand the distinction between positional and interest-based bargaining, as well as the importance of strategy, tactics, and ethical considerations in the negotiation process.

Skills:

Students will develop the practical ability to prepare for negotiations, formulate their own objectives and priorities, identify their BATNA, and analyze possible negotiation scenarios. Through simulated negotiations, they will strengthen their skills in argumentation, active listening, information management, conflict management, and responding to counterpart tactics. They will learn to communicate effectively under conditions of uncertainty and time pressure and to adapt their strategy to changing negotiation dynamics.

Responsibility and Autonomy:

Students will acquire the ability to independently conduct or co-conduct negotiations in various contexts and assume responsibility for their course and outcomes. They will gain experience in reflecting on their own performance through ex post negotiation analysis, evaluating achieved results, applied strategies and tactics, identifying strengths and weaknesses in their approach, and formulating lessons for future negotiations. They will further develop the capacity to critically assess negotiation processes in terms of effectiveness, ethical standards, and the long-term sustainability of agreements reached.

Julian D. M. Lew, Loukas A. Mistelis, Dr Stefan Kroll: Comparative International Commercial Arbitration, Kluwer Law International, 2003, ISBN 9789041115683

Philippe Fouchard, Emmanuel Gaillard, Berthold Goldman, John F. Savage on International Commercial Arbitration, Kluwer Law International, 1999 -

R. Dolzer, C.Schreuer: Principles of International Investment Law, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, 2012, ISBN 0199651809

C. McLachlan QC, L. Shore, M. Weiniger, and L. Mistelis: International Investment Arbitration: Substantive Principles, Oxford University Press, 2007, ISBN: 0199557519

C. Schreuer, A. Malintoppi, A. Reinisch, A. Sinclair: The ICSID Convention: A Commentary 2nd Ed., Cambridge University Press, 2009, ISBN: 0521885590

G. van Harten: Investment Treaty Arbitration and Public Law, Oxford Monographs in International Law, 2008

Continuous assessment: 40% (home written assignments and presentations on selected topics)

Final assessment: 60% (oral exam – case analysis)

Classification scale: A/1 = 91 – 100 %; B/1,5 = 81 – 90 %; C/2 = 73 – 80 %; D/2,5 = 66 – 72 %; E/3 = 60 – 65 %; FX = 0 – 59 %.

During the exam, the student can use all available sources of information, mostly the unpublished legislation, commentaries, case law, legal literature and legal information systems.

English

1. Alternative methods of dispute resolution

2. Negotiation

3. Mediation

4. Basic concepts and legal bases of arbitration, forms of arbitration, ad hoc arbitration and institutional arbitration

5. The law governing arbitration; the law applicable to the merits of the dispute

6. Appointment, objection and removal/resignation of arbitrators, independence and impartiality of arbitrators

7. Arbitration proceedings and role of national courts; meaning of the place of the arbitration, arbitration award: form, content, type and service, cancellation and review of arbitration award

8. Ways of dealing with international investment disputes and forms of international investment arbitration proceedings

9. Conditions for resolving an investment dispute in the form of international investment arbitration (ratione personae), consent to international investment arbitrage

10. Most-favored-nation clause, umbrella clause and jurisdiction

11. Damages, interim measures and costs in international investment arbitration

12. Revocation, review of arbitration awards

13. Enforcement of arbitration awards

40/60

Knowledge: Upon completing the course, the student can explain the nature and significance of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) methods in both national and international contexts and to characterize the basic principles and legal framework of negotiation, mediation, and arbitration. The student understands the legal and procedural aspects of arbitration as an important out-of-court method of dispute resolution and can explain its application in resolving commercial disputes in an international environment. The student is familiar with legal issues related to arbitration, particularly the drafting of arbitration clauses, the selection and appointment of arbitrators, the course of arbitral proceedings, as well as the annulment and enforcement of arbitral awards.

Abilities: The student also understands the basic theoretical and legal foundations of international investment law and can explain the specific features of different types of international investment arbitration, including the key procedural aspects of international investment arbitral proceedings. Based on the acquired knowledge, the student can identify appropriate alternative dispute resolution methods depending on the nature of a particular dispute, analyse their advantages and limitations in relation to court proceedings, and apply the basic principles of negotiation and mediation in conflict resolution.

Responsibility and independence: The student can work independently with relevant legal regulations and academic literature, analyse legal issues related to arbitration and international investment arbitration, and formulate qualified legal opinions on dispute resolution in both national and international contexts, while considering the legal, procedural, and ethical aspects of individual dispute resolution mechanisms.

Recommended literature:

Linderfalk, U., On the Interpretation of Treaties: the Modern International Law as Expressed in the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Dordrecht, Springer, 2010.

Aust, A., Modern Treaty Law and Practice, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2007.

Szabó, M.(ed.), State Responsibility and the Law of Treaties, The Hague: Eleven International Publishing, 2010.

Nolte, G. (ed.), Treaties and Subsequent Practice, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2013

Continuous assessment – 50% (continuous assessment consists of participation in seminars, the preparation of case studies, and legal analyses as assigned)

Final assessment – 50% (final written examination)

Classification: A/1 = 91 – 100 percent B/1,5 = 81 – 90 percent; C/2 = 73 – 80 percent; D/2,5 = 66 – 72 percent; E/3 = 60 – 65 percent; FX = 0 – 59 percent

Open book examination: allowed usage of all available sources of legal information, especially non-commented legislation (treaties, agreements, statutes, documents, decisions), commentaries, jurisprudence, legal literature and legal information systems (e.g. treaty databases)

English

1. Sources and basic concepts of international law of treaties

2. The status of international treaties in the legal system and the contractual practice of the Slovak Republic

3. Conclusion of treaties and their entry into force

4. Reservations to international treaties

5. Compliance with and implementation of international treaties

6. Interpretation of international treaties

7. Amendment, modification, correction, deposit, registration and publication

8. Invalidity and termination of international treaties

9. Consequences of non-compliance with international treaties and dispute resolution.

10. International treaties of international organizations

11. Concordat treaties.

12. Succession to international treaties.

13. International investment treaties.

50/50

Knowledge: The student has acquired comprehensive knowledge of the content and interpretation of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, as well as customary international law in the field of contract law.

Skills: The student can interpret, negotiate and apply contractual arrangements.

Independence and responsibility: The student can independently analyze contractual provisions. He responsibly applies the principles of international law and contributes to its development and application.

GOODE, R.: Transnational commercial law. 2nd edition, Oxford: 2012

CARR, I.: International trade law. 5th edition, 2014

Continuous assessment: seminar activity, case study analysis, legal assignments – 40%

Final evaluation: oral examination (model case preparation and oral discussion) – 60%

Grading scale: A/1 = 91 – 100 %; B/1,5 = 81 – 90 %; C/2 = 73 – 80 %; D/2,5 = 66 – 72 %; E/3 = 60 – 65 %; FX = 0 – 59 %.

The course is examined with the possibility of using non-annotated legislation and other legal sources in accordance with the instructions of the lecturer.

English

1. Introduction to the Law of International Trade and its sources

2. Lex mercatoria and methods of regulation of international trade

3. INCOTERMS, UNIDROIT Principles and the EU Common Commercial Policy

4. Principles of European Contract Law and damages

5. Electronic commerce

6. International Sale of Goods I (CISG)

7. International Sale of Goods II (CISG)

8. International Carriage of Goods I (road and rail transport)

9. International Carriage of Goods II (maritime and air transport)

10. Financing of international trade transactions and legal regulation of sanctions

11. Insurance in international trade I

12. Insurance in international trade II

13. Agents and distributors in international trade

a) Knowledge

After completing the course, the student will understand the system of legal relations and sources governing international trade. The student will gain a comprehensive overview of national, international and institutional regulation of international trade law, including WTO, EU and OECD frameworks. The student will be able to identify cross-border elements of international commercial transactions and explain their legal implications.

b) Skills

The student will acquire the ability to analyse disputes and legal issues arising in international commercial practice, particularly with regard to applicable law, jurisdiction, recognition and enforcement of decisions, sanctions, and validity of contracts. The student will be able to apply relevant legal rules to specific factual scenarios and solve model case studies in the field of international trade.

c) Responsibility and independence

The student is capable of independently proposing appropriate legal solutions to commercial or financial transactions involving an international element and formulating basic legal recommendations for business practice. The student will take into account mandatory and non-mandatory rules, EU law and private international law aspects when assessing complex legal situations.

Sherman, Andrew and Hart, Milledge A. Mergers and Acquisitions: From A to Z (Second/Third Edition), 2010, New York, AMACOM.

Faulkner, Satu Teerikangas, and Richard J. Joseph: The handbook of mergers and acquisitions, 2014, New York: Oxford University Press.

Patrick A. Gaughan: Mergers, acquisitions, and corporate restructurings, 5th edition, 2011, Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.

Juraj Gyárfáš, Katarína Matulníková, Tomáš Vavrák: M&A na Slovensku, 1. vydanie, 2019, C.H.Beck SK

Robert F. Bruner: Deals from Hell: M&A Lessons that Rise Above the Ashes, 1st edition, 2015, N.J.: Wiley.

Alexandra Reed Lajoux: The Art of M&A, Sixth Edition: A Merger, Acquisition, and Buyout Guide, 6th edition, 2024, McGraw Hill

Continuous Assessment: 50% (written essay (40%), oral presentation of research findings in the assigned area of mergers and acquisitions of commercial companies (10%))

Final Assessment: 50% (successful completion of the final examination in the form of a case study)

Grading Scale: A/1 = 91 – 100 %; B/1,5 = 81 – 90 %; C/2 = 73 – 80 %; D/2,5 = 66 – 72 %; E/3 = 60 – 65 %; FX = 0 – 59 %.

During the examination, students may use all available sources of legal information, in particular statutory texts (without commentary), commentaries, case law, legal literature, and legal information systems.

English

1. Introductory seminar

2. Fundamental theories of mergers and acquisitions, objectives and benefits

3. Selection of an acquisition target and due diligence

4. Negotiation of terms and preparation of transaction documentation

5. Private equity in M&A – financing mergers and acquisitions

6. Leveraged buyouts – debt-financed acquisitions of companies

7. The impact of transactions on shareholders, statutory bodies, and creditors, and their involvement in the contracting process

8. Hostile takeovers and defensive measures against unsolicited acquisitions

9. Regulatory aspects of mergers and acquisitions of commercial companies

10. Competition law aspects of mergers and acquisitions of commercial companies

11. Restrictions on foreign direct investment in the context of M&A

12. Cross-border mergers I

13. Case study and analysis of a practical example of a merger as an M&A transaction

The course Mergers and Acquisitions provides students with a comprehensive understanding of the legal, economic, and strategic aspects of transactions involving the combination and acquisition of commercial companies in the contemporary business environment. It focuses on the analysis of the reasons for undertaking M&A transactions, their role within corporate growth and restructuring strategies, and the assessment of their benefits and risks. Students become familiar with the basic forms of transaction structures, including share deals and asset deals, as well as the fundamental principles of company valuation and acquisition financing.

The course further examines the individual phases of the M&A process, from the identification of a suitable acquisition target, through negotiations and the conduct of due diligence, to the drafting and execution of transaction documentation and the subsequent integration of companies. Particular attention is devoted to regulatory and competition law aspects, the protection of creditors and minority shareholders, and the specific features of cross-border mergers within the European legal framework. Through case studies and the analysis of real transactions, students gain practical insight into the application of theoretical principles in practice. The course prepares them to navigate complex M&A processes and equips them with knowledge and analytical skills applicable in both legal and corporate practice.

Knowledge:

Upon completion of the course, students will acquire a systematic overview of current trends and developments in the field of mergers and acquisitions of commercial companies in the global business environment. They will understand the economic, legal, and strategic motivations behind M&A transactions, including growth strategies, diversification, vertical and horizontal integration, and corporate restructuring. Students will become familiar with the main transaction structuring models (share deal, asset deal), company valuation issues, and the fundamental principles of acquisition financing. They will gain an overview of the legal and regulatory framework governing mergers and acquisitions, including competition law aspects, the protection of minority shareholders, and the specificities of cross-border transactions.

Skills:

Students will develop the ability to analyze the entire merger or acquisition process, from identifying and selecting an appropriate target, through preliminary negotiations and due diligence, to negotiating transaction documentation and completing and implementing the transaction (post-merger integration). They will learn to identify and assess risks associated with individual phases of the transaction and to formulate basic proposals for addressing them. Students will gain practical insight into the motivations driving companies to pursue M&A transactions, as well as their potential benefits and limitations. They will acquire the ability to navigate regulatory requirements, including notification obligations toward supervisory and competition authorities, and to assess the fundamental legal and economic consequences of cross-border mergers.

Responsibility and Autonomy:

As part of the course, students will prepare a practice-oriented research paper or case study on a specific completed merger or acquisition. Based on independent study of relevant sources, they will identify theoretical foundations and standards applied in practice, critically assess the course of the transaction, its structure, risks, and achieved outcomes. They will further develop the ability to work independently with professional literature, legal regulations, and publicly available transaction data, and to formulate well-reasoned conclusions regarding the effectiveness and sustainability of implemented M&A strategies.

Battjes, H.: European Asylum Law and International Law. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff, 2006.

Clayton, G.: Textbook on Immigration and Asylum Law. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012.

Thym, D.: European Migration Law. Oxford: OUP Oxford, 2023.

Tsourdi, E. - De Bruycker, P. (eds.): Research Handbook on EU Migration and Asylum Law. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022.

Coursework: 100 % (coursework consist of activity of individuals during the seminar, analyses of model situations, and legal analyses according to the task given).

Grading scale: A/1 = 91 – 100 %; B/1,5 = 81 – 90 %; C/2 = 73 – 80 %; D/2,5 = 66 – 72 %; E/3 = 60 – 65 %; FX = 0 – 59 %.

During the exam, students can use all available sources of legal information, mainly legislation, commentaries, case-law, legal literature, and legal information systems.

English

1. Asylum – legal framework

2. The interrelationship between international documents in the field of asylum policy

3. Asylum - refugee law in the light of international case-law

4. Subsidiary protection

5. The entry of aliens into the territory I

6. The entry of aliens into the territory II

7. Schengen

8. Status and Functions of UNHCR in the asylum procedure

9. Visa policy and stays in EU I

10. Visa policy and stays in EU II

11. Expulsion, Detention of Aliens

12. Status of aliens / EU citizens and their family members in the EU Member States in the areaof social security law I

13. Status of aliens / EU citizens and their family members in the EU Member States in the areaof social security law II

100/0

(a) Knowledge:

The student is oriented in the field of immigration and asylum law within the framework of international and European law. The student has a basic overview of the legal regulation of migration, including the concepts of asylum, refugee status, subsidiary protection, visa policy and the legal status of aliens in EU Member States. The student understands the role of international organizations, in particular UNHCR, and the main principles governing migration and asylum policy.

(b) Skills:

The student can solve case studies related to immigration and asylum law and apply relevant international and European legal rules to specific situations concerning migration and international protection. The student is able to analyse legal issues related to entry, stay and expulsion of aliens and to assess the basic conditions for granting asylum or subsidiary protection.

(c) Responsibility and independence:

The student is able to independently assess legal issues arising in the field of migration and international protection and propose appropriate solutions in accordance with the applicable legal framework. Teaching also reflects the requirements of practical application in public administration, judiciary and legal professions.

VAN DER BOSSCHE, P. 2008. The Law and Policy of the World Trade Organization. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-521-72759-4.

Coursework: 40 % (written homework assignments and presentation of a selected topic).

Final examination: 60 % (oral examination – elaboration of a model case and a discussion about the case).

Grading scale: A/1 = 91 – 100 %; B/1,5 = 81 – 90 %; C/2 = 73 – 80 %; D/2,5 = 66 – 72 %; E/3 = 60 – 65 %; FX = 0 – 59 %.

During the exam, students can use all available sources of legal information, mainly legislation, commentaries, case-law, legal literature, and legal information systems.

English

1. International Division of Labor, the Structure of the World Economy, International Trade, International Capital Movement

2. State foreign trade policy (key principles, methods, tools)

3. International Economic Integration I (EU, USMCA) and integration on the African continent

4. International Economic Integration II (MERCOSUR, ASEAN, CETA…) and integration on the African continent

5. WTO – history, tasks, membership, organizational structure

6. Source of WTO law, WTO in the context of International law

7. WTO dispute settlement system - principles, authorities, procedure, challenges

8. Principles and rules of the Multilateral Trading System

9. Principles of non-discrimination

10. Market Access Rules

11. Trade liberalization and other social values

12. Rules against unfair International Trade Practices

13. Rules for the Harmonization of National Legislation

40/60

(a) Knowledge:

The student is oriented to the issues of the legal regulation of international trade within the framework of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The student has a systematic overview and basic orientation in the field of the multilateral trading system, including its historical development, institutional structure and sources of WTO law. The student understands the fundamental principles of the multilateral trading system, in particular the principle of non-discrimination, trade liberalization, transparency and the regulation of unfair international trade practices. The student understands the basic legal framework governing market access as well as the functioning of the WTO dispute settlement system and its role in resolving trade disputes between WTO members.

(b) Skills:

The student can solve more complex case studies focused on international trade relations within the WTO system and can correctly apply the relevant legal rules to specific trade situations. The student is able to analyse basic legal issues related to WTO trade policies and to assess compliance of national measures with WTO rules. The student can interpret the principles and procedures of the WTO dispute settlement system and apply them in practical situations arising from international trade relations.

(c) Responsibility and independence:

The student can evaluate the role of the WTO in the regulation of international economic relations and the importance of the multilateral trading system for the stability of global trade. The student is able to independently assess legal problems arising in international trade within the WTO framework and to propose appropriate solutions in accordance with the applicable legal rules. Teaching also takes into account the requirements of practical application in the areas of the judiciary, public administration and legal professions supervised by the Ministry of Justice of the Slovak Republic.

SCHIPPERS, M. et al Europan Tax Law. Volume II. Wolters Kluwer, 2022., TERRA, Ben;

KAJUS, Julie. A guide to the European VAT Directives. IBFD, 2023., de la Feria, Rita, EU VAT Principles as Interpretative Aids to EU VAT Rules: The Inherent Paradox (December 18, 2015). In M. Lang et al (eds), Recent VAT Case Law of the CJEU (Linde, 2016), Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2718107 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2718107 ,

WATTEL, Peter J.; MARRES, Otto; VERMEULEN, Hein (ed.). Terra/Wattel–European Tax Law: Volume I (Full edition). Kluwer Law International BV, 2018.

LANG, Michael, et al. (ed.). Introduction to European tax law on direct taxation. Spiramus Press Ltd, 2024.,

HELMINEN, Marjaana. EU tax law: direct taxation. 2023,

Benjamin, J.: Financial Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.

The Principles of International Tax Planning by Roy Sanders (Author), Miles Dean (Author), Richard Williams (Author) and Diana van der Merwe (Author) Basic International Taxation by Roy Rohatgi (Author) Commentaries to OECD Model Tax Convention (OECD) Commentaries to UN Model Tax Convention (UN)

Continuous assessment (50%) – case study solutions, analysis of a double taxation treaty and/or court decision, and/or test questions.

Final assessment (50%) – preparation of a final comprehensive essay and its oral presentation.

Grading scale:: A/1 = 91 – 100 %; B/1,5 = 81 – 90 %; C/2 = 73 – 80 %; D/2,5 = 66 – 72 %; E/3 = 60 – 65 %; FX = 0 – 59 % During examinations, students may use all available sources of legal information, in particular non-annotated legislation, commentaries, case law, legal literature, and legal information systems.

English

1. Introductory seminar (revision of tax law fundamentals, types of taxes, interaction between . accounting and tax law)

2. Direct and indirect harmonisation

3. Principles of international taxation (direct and indirect taxes, BEPS)

4. Introduction to double taxation treaties and different models (structure, material and personal scope, definitions, allocation of taxing rights, OECD Model, UN Model, national models)

5. Determination of residence, dual residence issues, tie-breaker rules

6. Taxation of business profits (permanent establishment, profit attribution, elimination of double taxation)

7. Taxation of income from immovable property, sale of immovable property, sale of shares in real estate companies

8. Taxation of dividends, interest, and royalties

9. Taxation of personal income, non-discrimination issues

10. Combating tax evasion – Exchange of information

11. Combating tax evasion – Administrative cooperation in tax matters, assistance in tax collection

12. Introduction to tax planning and its limits – rules against aggressive tax planning

13. Resolution of tax disputes by mutual agreement – MAP (Mutual Agreement Procedure)

50/50

Learning Outcomes: Upon successful completion of the course, students will gain an overview of international taxation issues and become familiar with the primary sources o

international tax law. Students will understand the structure of double taxation treaties and acquire skills for their practical analysis and application. They will gain knowledge of the taxation of various types of income and learn to correctly apply relevant treaty provisions when solving case studies. Students will also acquire knowledge of tax planning, including legal barriers to aggressive tax planning. They will learn to distinguish between tax planning, aggressive tax planning, and tax evasion. Furthermore, students will gain an overview of measures to combat tax evasion and of the fundamental instruments forming part of the sources of international taxation.

Knowledge: Students will acquire a systematic overview of European Union legislation governing tax law and develop knowledge of international taxation aspects. They will understand the objectives of tax law regulation within the EU context, particularly double taxation treaties, their specific models, judgments concerning tax matters, and instruments for combating tax evasion. Within EU tax law, students will understand the harmonisation of indirect taxes, coordination of direct taxes, and selected aspects of tax dispute resolution.

Skills: Students will be able to analyse legal relationships and prepare expert opinions on practical and simulated cases, effectively applying legal norms to specific situations. They will acquire the ability to identify breaches of legal regulations and propose appropriate and practically feasible solutions. They will develop proficiency in working with legal documents and databases, including searching for and using relevant legislation and precedents. Students will learn to argue and defend their legal positions before professional audiences or in simulated administrative proceedings before authorities in the field of financial law.

Responsibility and Autonomy: Students will develop the ability to independently identify and resolve issues in financial law regulation, reflecting current legislative changes and their practical impact. They will acquire the ability to critically assess the effectiveness of legal regulations and propose improvements consistent with European Union harmonisation requirements. They will be capable of promoting fair and responsible approaches to financial law issues and effectively cooperating in professional teams focused on financial law regulation and related legal aspects. At the same time, they will demonstrate a professional and ethical approach to solving complex financial law regulatory problems, showing a high degree of responsibility and independence in their professional activities.

1. DE LUCA: European Company Law. 2nd edition, Cambridge University Press, 2021.

2. FERRAN: Company Law and Corporate Finance, Oxford University Press, 1999.

3. SIEMS – CABRELLI (edited): Comparative Company Law: A Case-Based Approach. 2nd edition, Hart Publishing, 2018.

4. FERRAN – CHAN HO: Principles Corporate Finance.2nd edition. Oxford University Press, 2014.

5. KRAAKMAN – ARMOUR – DAVIES – ENRIQUES – HANSMANN – HERTIG – HOPT – KANDA – PARGENDLER – RINGE – ROCK: The Anatomy of Corporate Law: A Comparative and Functional Approach. 3rd Edition, Oxford University Press, 2017.

6. DAVIES –WORTHINGTON – HARE: Principles of Modern Company Law. 11thedition, Sweet & Maxwell, 2021.

7. HANNIGAN: Company Law. 6th Edition, Oxford University Press, 2021.

8. DORRESTEIJN –TEICHMANN – WERLAUFF – MONTEIRO – POCHER: European Corporate Law (European Company Law Series). 3rd edition, Kluwer Law International, 2017.

9. VICARI – SCHALL: Company Laws of the EU: A Handbook. Beck/Hart, 2020.

10. VICARI: European Company Law. De Gruyter, 2021.

11. European Model Company Act (EMCA).

Continuous assessment: 100% (active participation in seminars or written assignments during the

seminar or presentation of case studies (40%); preparation of the final case study (60%))

Final assessment:

Gradind scale: A/1 = 91 – 100 %; B/1,5 = 81 – 90 %; C/2 = 73 – 80 %; D/2,5 = 66 – 72 %; E/3

= 60 – 65 %; FX = 0 – 59 %.

The subject is partially examined using unannotated legal regulations according to the lecturer’s

instructions.

Scale of assessment (preliminary/final): 100/0

english

1. European Company Law

2. Company/Corporation

3. Management structure and directors' duties and liabilities

4. Role of Shareholders in Companies

5. Capital Doctrine

6. Accounting / financial statements / distribution of assets

7. Mergers and Acquisitions

8. Process of merger / acquisition

9. Cross-border conversions

10. Case studies

11. Developing the skills needed for written submissions and oral interaction

12. Honing students' oral interaction with teachers and classmates

13. Preparation of final assignment - case study

100/0

The course European Company Law provides students with a comprehensive understanding of the regulation of companies within the EU legal framework, focusing on the harmonization of company law. Students will become familiar with key aspects such as corporate governance, the duties of statutory bodies, shareholders' rights, capital protection, and the division of company resources, while also analysing mergers, acquisitions, and cross-border transformations. The course emphasizes the role of EU directives and regulations in shaping national company law and the functioning of companies in the internal market, this also applies in the context of relevant key decisions of the CJEU. At the same time, it also refers to solutions contained in the European Model Company Act (EMCA).

Through case studies and real-world legal situations, students gain practical knowledge of decision-making processes within companies and regulatory compliance in the integrated European market. The course promotes critical thinking and discussion on the impact of EU law on business, sustainability, and economic integration. By providing both theoretical and practical knowledge, the course prepares students for careers in law, consulting, and policymaking. Finally, the course strengthens students' ability to navigate complex legal challenges in the globalized business environment while promoting the values and legal principles of the EU.

Knowledge:

The student is able to explain the principles of company regulation within the EU legal framework and analyse the process of harmonizing company law at the EU and national levels. The student masters key concepts and principles of EU corporate law, including corporate governance, the duties of statutory bodies, shareholders' rights, legal capital, and the distribution of assets. The student is capable of characterizing and comparing various types of companies within the EU context, as well as analysing cross-border operations of companies, including mergers, acquisitions and transformations.

Skills:

The student can address both theoretical and practical problems in European company law and apply them when analysing legal regulations and EU case law. The student is able to analyse decision-making processes in companies and propose optimal solutions, taking into account EU legal requirements.

Responsibility and Independence:

The student can independently identify and analyse legal problems in the area of European company law and formulate appropriate solutions. The student is able to argue and defend their legal opinions in both academic and practical environments. The student can effectively communicate and present their findings, whether in written submissions or oral interactions. The student independently processes complex case studies and analyses them in accordance with EU law concepts.

BUTLER, G. – WESSEL, R.: EU External Relations Law - The Cases in Context. ‎ Hart Publishing, 2022, 1048 pp., ISBN 9781509939718

WOUTERS, J. - HOFFMEISTER, F. - DE BAERE, G. – RAMPOULOS, T.: The law of EU external relations: cases, materials, and commentary on the EU as an international legal actor. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021, ISBN: 9780198869481

The continuous assessment constitutes 100% of the total assessment. The continuous assessment consists of seminar activities (50%) and seminar paper (50%). The seminar paper (critical study) should be prepared by the student independently on one of the topics covered and selected by the student in the broader scope of the EU's external activities and their interactions with external entities within the framework of international relations, in the range of 5-10 pages. Correction of the PH as a whole is possible in the form of a written review. It is possible to correct the continuous assessment as a whole in the form of a written evaluation.

Classification scale: A/1 = 91 – 100 %; B/1,5 = 81 – 90 %; C/2 = 73 – 80 %; D/2,5 = 66 – 72 %; E/3 = 60 – 65 %; FX = 0 – 59%.

English

1. The EU's position in international relations, legal personality and EU activities (International legal personality of the EU )

2. International treaty law and external competences and EU external action (External competences of the EU)

3. Institutional relations for EU external action and interactions with Member States (Institutional framework for EU external action)

4. Diplomatic relations with third countries and international organisations

5. International agreement as an essential instrument for the EU external action, conclusion of EU/Member States' international treaties

6. International treaties and relations within the framework of EU foreign, security and defence policy and interactions with Member States and international organisations (Common foreign and security policy and Common security and defense policy)

7. The status and specificities of international treaties and other instruments within the framework of EU trade policy (Common commercial policy)

8. The status and specificities of international treaties and other instruments within the framework of EU civil cooperation with third countries (Judicial cooperation in civil matters with third countries)

9. The status and specificities of international treaties and other instruments within the framework of EU criminal cooperation with third countries (Judicial cooperation in criminal matters with third countries)

10. The EU and international criminal justice (EU and international criminal justice)

11. Sanctions as instrument of the EU external action

12. International cooperation of the EU in environmental sphere

13. EUʼs climate diplomacy

100/0

a) Knowledge: the student has a systematic overview and in-depth orientation in the field of the external action of the EU, its inclusion in the broader context, sources and subjects of international law, constitutional law of the Slovak Republic and EU law,

b) Skills: the student can solve more demanding case studies focused on the external action of the EU, can apply international law norms, constitutional norms, norms of EU law and can process a more complex legal analysis,

c) Responsibility and independence: the student can critically assess the functioning and mutual ties of the institutes of the external action of the EU, the relations of the EU with third countries, international organizations and propose comprehensive solutions in the context of current legal challenges (e.g. mixed EU agreements and the process of their national approval, types of self-executing of international EU treaties, etc.).

BARBER, S. A., FLEMING, J. - Constitutional Interpretation: The Basic Questions. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.

GINSBURG, T., DIXON, R. – Comparative Constitutional Law (Research Handbooks in Comparative Law Series), Edward Elgar Pub: 2013.

HERINGA, A., W., KIIVER, P. – Constitutions Compared: An Introduction to Comparative Constitutional Law (Third Edition), Intersentia: 2012.

HUSCROFT, G., MILLER, B. W. - The Challenge of Originalism: Theories of Constitutional Interpretation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

JACKSON, V. C., TUSHNET, M. – Comparative Constitutional law, 2nd edition, Foundation Press: 2006.

MOREL, L., QVORTRUP, M. (eds) - The Routledge Handbook to referendums and direct democracy. New York: Routledge, 2018.

ORZESZYNA, K., SKWARZYŃSKI, M., TABASZEWSKI, R. - International Human Rights Law. Warsaw: C. H. Beck, 2023.

ROSENFELD, M., SAJÓ, A. – The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Constitutional Law, OUP Oxford: 2012.

QVORTRUP, M. (edt.) - Referendums Around the World. The Continued Growth of Direct Democracy. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014

Continuous Assessment: 40% – participation in seminars and/or completion of case studies or legal analyses.

Final Assessment: 60% – written essay.

Grading Scale: A (1) = 91–100%; B (1.5) = 81–90%; C (2) = 73–80%; D (2.5) = 66–72%; E (3) = 60–65%; FX (fail) = 0–59%.

During examinations, students may use all available sources of legal information, in particular unannotated legislation, commentaries, case law, legal literature, and legal information systems.

english

1. Comparative Constitutional Law: Origins, Current State, and Contemporary Challenges

2. Constitution-Making and Constituent Power; Constitutional Amendments

3. The Relationship between Law and Politics: Selected Issues of Mutual Influence

4. Direct Democracy

5. The Executive Branch

6. The Head of State and Presidential Powers

7. Judicial Review of Constitutionality and Constitutional Interpretation

8. Relations between the Legislative and Executive Branches

9. Political Parties and Their Constitutional Role

10. The Principle of Proportionality

11. The Impact of European Law on Constitutional Law

12. Final Assessment (Essay Writing)

40/60

a) Knowledge: Upon completion of the course, the student possesses fundamental yet comprehensive knowledge of various models of constitutional law, particularly within the European continental and Anglo-American legal traditions, with a focus on selected constitutional institutions.

b) Skills: The student is able to prepare and present a structured comparative analysis of constitutional institutions across different constitutional models. The student is also capable of producing an academic written text (essay) addressing constitutional issues, particularly from a comparative perspective.

c) Responsibility and Autonomy: The student is able to think critically and independently and to articulate well-reasoned positions on various constitutional law institutions, especially from a comparative standpoint. The student is likewise capable of assessing the adequacy of existing legal regulation of specific constitutional institutions and proposing appropriate solutions for future development.

Murray, A. Information Technology Law. Oxford University Press, 2019.

Bainbridge, D. Introduction to Information Technology Law. Unbranded, 2007.

Lloyd, I. Information Technology Law. Oxford University Press, 2020.

Interim evaluation: elaboration of a comprehensive legal analysis (40%)

Final assessment (60%): case study using uncommented legislation

Grading scale: A/1 = 91-100%; B/1.5 =81-90%; C/2 = 73-80%; D/2.5 = 66-72%; E: 60-65%, Fx: 0-59%.

In the examination, the student may use all available sources of legal information, in particular uncommented legislation, commentaries, case law, legal literature and legal information systems

english

1. Introduction to advanced topics in information technology law.

2. Advanced topics in cybersecurity law (Cyber Resilience Act, Cybersecurity Act, and their revisions in the context of the Digital Omnibus).

3. Advanced topic in the field of public authority in the digital space (e-health, electronic data space, use of AI in public administration).

4. Advanced topics in the field of automated vehicle regulation.

5. Advanced topic in the field of artificial intelligence regulation I. (assessment of the impact on fundamental human rights and freedoms, AI transparency and legal challenges, use of subliminal manipulation)

6. Advanced topic in the field of artificial intelligence regulation II. (red lines in AI regulation, protection of democracy and AI)

7. Advanced topic in the field of privacy and personal data protection regulation I. (profiling, recommendation systems, and social media)

8.Advanced topic in the field of privacy and personal data protection regulation II. (protection of minors from the perspective of relevant legislation)

9. Software and copyright.

10. Domain names and domain disputes.

11. Unitary patent law.

12. Liability and copyright infringement on digital platforms.

13. Case study in information and communication technology law

100/0

A) Knowledge: the student has a systematic overview and advanced orientation in selected areas of information and communication technology law.

B) Skills: The student can solve more complex case studies focused on the regulation of the digital space, and can apply European Union law and national legal order to the online space.

C) Responsibility and autonomy: The student is able to provide more complex recommendations on the institutes of regulation of the digital space.

SCHIPPERS, M. et al Europan Tax Law. Volume II. Wolters Kluwer, 2022.,

TERRA, Ben; KAJUS, Julie. A guide to the European VAT Directives. IBFD, 2023.,

de la Feria, Rita, EU VAT Principles as Interpretative Aids to EU VAT Rules: The Inherent Paradox (December 18, 2015).

In M. Lang et al (eds), Recent VAT Case Law of the CJEU (Linde, 2016), Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2718107 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2718107 , WATTEL, Peter J.;

MARRES, Otto; VERMEULEN, Hein (ed.). Terra/Wattel–European Tax Law: Volume I (Full edition). Kluwer Law International BV, 2018.

LANG, Michael, et al. (ed.). Introduction to European tax law on direct taxation. Spiramus Press Ltd, 2024.,

HELMINEN, Marjaana. EU tax law: direct taxation. 2023, Benjamin, J.: Financial Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. De Haan,

J., Oosterloo, S., Schoenmaker, D.: European financial markets and institutions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

Elliot, D. J.: Key Issues on European Banking Union. Trade-Offs and Some Recommendations. Washingtion D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2012,

Wymeersch, E., Hopt, K. J., Ferrarini, G.: Financial Regulation and Supervision. A post-crisis analysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012, Adams, D.: Banking and Capital Markets. Guildford: College of Law Publishing, 2014,

ZETZSCHE et al, Regulating a Revolution: From Regulatory Sandboxes to Smart Regulation. In Fordham Journal of Corporate & Financial Law. 2017, č. 31.

WOLF GEORG, R., RUOF, CH. Regulating Fintech in the EU: the Case for a Guided Sandbox.” In European Journal of Risk Regulation

Continuous Assessment: Continuous assessment consists of participation in seminars, the preparation of case studies, and legal analyses as assigned (50%)

Final Assessment: Written examination – 50%

Grading Scale: A/1 = 91 – 100 %; B/1,5 = 81 – 90 %; C/2 = 73 – 80 %; D/2,5 = 66 –72 %; E/3 = 60 – 65 %; FX = 0 – 59 %.

The course is taught and examined using unannotated legal regulations.

english

1) General Budget of the EU

2) Funds Management in the EU

3) EU Monetary Law

4) EU Customs Law

5) Fundamentals of EU Tax Law

6) Legislative Framework for Tax Harmonisation in the EU

7) Direct Taxes in the EU

8) Indirect Taxes in the EU

9) Legal Regulation of the Provision of Financial Services in the EU

10) Legal Status of Selected Regulated Entities in the EU Financial Market

11) The Single Market for Financial Services and Its Legal Foundations in the EU

12) Rights and Obligations of Financial Market Participants under EU Law

13) Legal Framework for Innovation in the EU Financial Market

50/50

Upon successful completion of the course, the student will gain an overview of the legal aspects of financial law, enabling them to analyse legal regulations and practically apply the acquired knowledge. The acquired competences include an interdisciplinary perspective on the subject matter, the ability to work with legal norms, solve practical cases, and demonstrate a professional and ethical approach to problem-solving in the field of financial law.

Knowledge:

The student will acquire a systematic overview of the legal regulations of the European Union governing financial law and will gain knowledge of regulatory and supervisory mechanisms at the EU level. They will understand the objectives of financial market regulation in EU law, particularly ensuring transparency and stability of the financial system and supporting the proper functioning of the internal market. In the field of EU public finance law, the student will acquire knowledge of EU budgetary law, especially the legal framework governing the preparation, adoption, and control of the EU budget. Within EU tax law, the student will understand the harmonisation of indirect taxes and the coordination of direct taxes. They will also become familiar with the fundamentals of EU customs law, in particular the legal regulation of the customs union, the Common Customs Tariff, customs supervision, and the movement of goods between Member States and in relation to third countries. In the field of EU monetary law, the student will understand the legal framework of the Economic and Monetary Union, the position of the European Central Bank, the rules governing the functioning of the euro area, and the coordination of the economic policies of the Member States.

Skills:

The student will be able to analyse legal relationships and prepare expert opinions on practical as well as simulated cases, effectively applying legal norms to specific situations. They will acquire the ability to identify breaches of legal regulations and propose appropriate solutions, with an emphasis on their practical feasibility. The student will master working with legal documents and databases and will be able to search for and use relevant legislation and precedents. They will develop the ability to argue and defend their legal positions, either before a professional audience or in simulated administrative proceedings before authorities operating in the field of financial law.

Responsibility and Autonomy: The student will develop the ability to independently identify and resolve issues related to the regulation of financial law, while reflecting on current legislative developments and their impact on practice. They will gain the skill to critically assess the effectiveness of legal regulations and propose improvements in line with the harmonisation of European Union legislation. The student will be able to promote fair and responsible approaches in addressing issues of financial law and to cooperate effectively within professional teams focused on its regulation and related legal aspects. At the same time, they will demonstrate a professional and ethical approach to solving complex problems connected with financial law regulation, thereby showing a high level of responsibility and autonomy in their professional activities.

Course workload: 75-90 hours (6-7 hours per week)

Contact teaching: 26 hours (2 hours per week)

Self-study: 4-5 hours per week

Calster, V.G.: EU Environmental law (Elgar, 2017).

Carlarne, C. P., Gray, K. R., Tarasofsky, R.: The Oxford Handbook of International Climate Change Law, (Oxford: OUP, 2016).

Philander, S. G.: Encyclopedia of global warming and climate change. Second edition. (SAGE: 2013).

Klein, D. a kol.: The Paris agreement on Climate Change. Analysis and Commentary. (Oxford University Press, 2017).

Luterbacher, U., Sprinz, D .F.: International relations and global climate change. (Cambridge, 2001).

Selected magazine literature (Judicial review, Czech environmental law),

Legal regulations (international agreements, legal regulations of the European Union and legal regulations of the Slovak Republic).

Continuous assessment: oral presentation 50%, essay 50%

Final assessment:

Classification scale: A/1 = 91 – 100%; B/1.5 = 81-90%; C/2 = 73-80%; D/2.5 = 66-72%; E/3 = 60-65%; FX = 0-59%.

During the examination, the student can use all available sources of legal information, especially uncommented legal regulations, commentaries, jurisprudence, legal literature and legal information systems.

English

1) Introduction to the EU legal order.

2) Introduction to the issue of EU environmental law.

3) Legal regulation of nature and landscape protection.

4) Legal regulation of air protection and the Earth's ozone layer.

5) Legal regulation of the fight against climate change.

6) Legal regulation of water protection.

7) Legal regulation of land care.

8) Legal regulation of the circular economy and waste management.

9) Legal regulation of genetic technologies and genetically modified organisms.

10) Legal regulation of health and environmental protection.

11) Legal regulation of environmental impact assessment (EIA) and conceptual document assessment (SEA).

12) Legal regulation of integrated pollution prevention and reduction.

13) Legal regulation of the peaceful use of nuclear energy.

14) Selected decision-making processes in the field of the environment and responsibility for the environment.

100/0

Learning outcomes:

By completing the subject, the student will gain knowledge about the applicable law of the European Union and about the legal aspects of the approximation of the legal regulation of the Slovak Republic to the law of the European Union, and will also gain an overview of the current state regarding the achieved degree of harmonization of the national legal order with the law of the European Union in the field of environmental care, respectively individual topics from this area.

Knowledge: the student will acquire a systematic overview of individual selected areas falling within the field of environmental care, specifically he will acquire knowledge of the legislation of the European Union and the legislation of the Slovak Republic in the given areas falling within the field of environmental care.

Skills: the student can identify the most important legal regulations from the law of the European Union and the national regulation of Slovakia in selected areas falling into the field of environmental care.

Responsibility and independence: the student can identify the basic legal instruments for environmental care, can describe the basic environmental problems faced by the European Union and the Slovak Republic, and can identify how the Slovak Republic has transposed selected European Union legislation into the national legal order.

Course workload: 75-90 hours (6-7 hours per week)

Contact teaching: 26 hours (2 hours per week)

Self-study: 4-5 hours per week

Vrabko, M., a  kol.: Energy law, Bratislava: Wolters Kluwer, 2025.

Horvat, M. a  kol.: Hospodárska správa, Bratislava: Wolters Kluwer, 2026.

Cini, M., Perez-Solorzano Borragan, N.: European Union Politics. New York: Oxford University Press, 2013.

Johnston, A., Block, G.: EU Energy Law. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012.

Massai, L.: European Climate and Clean Energy Law and Policy. New York: Routledge, 2011.