COOPE, U.: Time for Aristotle, Physics IV.10–14, Oxford: OUP, 2005. ISBN 9780199247905.

LE POIDEVIN and MACBETH (ed.): The Philosophy of Time, Oxford Readings in Philosophy, Clarendon Press, 1993. ISBN 978-0198239994

MCTAGGART: „The unreality of Time“, 1908. repr. in Gale, GALE, R. (ed.): The Philosophy of Time, London, 1968. ISBN 0333000420

MELLOR, D.H.: Real Time, Cambridge, CUP, 1981. ISBN 9780521284684

MELLOR, D.H.: Real Time ii, Cambridge, CUP, 1998. ISBN 0415097819

GALE, R. (ed.): The Philosophy of Time, London: Palgrave Macmillan, 1968. ISBN 0333000420

TOOLEY, M.: Time, Tense, and Causation, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997. ISBN 9780198235798

ZIMMERMAN, D. (ed.): Oxford Studies in Metaphysics, Volume 1, Oxford, OUP, 2004. ISBN 0199267731

Grades in the basics of classical propositional and predicate logic.

Continuous during the semester: active participation in seminars (10 points) two presentations (20 + 20 points); Final evaluation: seminar paper of 6-8 standard pages (50 points); Grading scale: A: 100-93 points; B: 92-85 points; C: 84-77 points; D: 76-69 points; E: 68-60 points; Fx: 59-0 points.

Violation of academic ethics may result in the cancellation of the points earned in the respective grade item.

Slovak (work on seminars, part of literature) English (part of literature)

Physical properties of time and grammatical properties of tense. Philosophy of time or philosophies of time? Time and non-tense semantics. Time topology - symmetry and asymmetry. Fatalism. Reductionism and platonusism. McTaggart's argument. Theory A and theory B - Time series. Presentism and eternalism. Time symmetry, direction of time, relational structures of time. 3D and 4D controversy. Time travel and time paradoxes.

50/50

Students gained knowledge about basic philosophical, methodological and logical problems of philosophy of time.

Excerpts of texts from several works by different philosophers that contain arguments. (They will be distributed to course participants in electronic form).

BRUCE, M. a BARBONE, S. zost. Just the Arguments. 100 of the Most Important Arguments in Western Philosophy. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. ISBN 978-1-4443-3638-2.

CORMAN, E., LEHRER, K. a PAPPAS, G. Philosophical Problems and Arguments. An Introduction. 4th ed. Indianapolis - Cambridge: Hackett Publishing Company, 1992. ISBN 0-87220-124-4.

GLYMOUR, C. Thinking Things Through. An Introduction to Philosophical Issues and Achievements. Cambridge - London: A Bradford Book/The MIT Press, 1993. ISBN 0-262-07141-X.

The literature will be provided in electronic form.

Continuous during the semester: active participation in class and continuous completion of homework (analysis of philosophical arguments): 50 points; Final grade: Seminar paper of 5-7 pages: 50 points; Grading scale: A: 100-93 pts; B: 92-85 pts; C: 84-77 pts; D: 76-69 pts; E: 68-60 pts; Fx: 59-0 pts.

Violation of academic ethics may result in the cancellation of the points earned in the respective grade item.

Slovak (class work, part of analysed philosophical arguments)

English (part of literature)

1. Philosophy and argumentation

2. Philosophical theses: modal import of statements (possibility, necessity, impossibility)

3. Sources of knowledge: a priori, a posteriori (senses, testimony of others, science)

4. Structure and form of arguments: deductive, inductive and abductive arguments

5. Arguments in philosophy 1: epistemology (skepticism of the senses, argument from regress, inductive skepticism, and others)

6. Arguments in philosophy 2: metaphysics (determinism, Thés's ship, fatalism, and others)

7. Arguments in Philosophy 3: ethics and philosophy of religion (ethical relativism, existence of God)

8. Argumentation as a way of philosophising

50/50

The graduate of the course will be able to identify important arguments of deductive and non-deductive form in traditional and lesser-known philosophical works. The student can distinguish between conceptual truths (definitions, analytic statements) and empirical truths, between contingent, necessary, possible, and impossible statements. Understands the method of counterexample and can use his/her reasoning skills to analyse, reconstruct and evaluate philosophical arguments.

1. CMOREJ, Pavel: Úvod do logickej syntaxe a sémantiky [Introduction to logical syntax and semantics]. Bratislava: Iris, 2001. ISBN 80-89018-19-X. 2. GAHÉR, František: Logika pre každého [Logic for Everyone ]. Bratislava: Iris, 2013. ISBN 978-80-89256-88-4. 3. MARKO, Vladimír. Úlohy z výrokovej a predikátovej logiky [Exercises in propositional and predicate logic]. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, 2017. ISBN 978-80-223-4495-1. 4. ZOUHAR, Marián. Základy logiky pre spoločenskovedné a humanitné odbory [Foundations of logic for social sciences and humanities]. Bratislava: Veda, 2008. ISBN 978-80-224-1040-3.

Alternating: FiF.KLMV/A-buLO-001-1/8883/00 a FiF.KLMV/A-buLO-001-2/8883/00

Continuous during the semester: homework (10 points), 2 midterm tests during the semester (20 + 20 points); Final evaluation: summative test (50 points); Grading scale: A: 100-91 points; B: 90-81 points; C: 80-76 points; D: 75-70 points; E: 69-60 points; Fx: 59-0 points. Violation of academic ethics may result in the cancellation of points earned in the respective grade item.

slovak

Language and its functions; language as coding. Singular expressions. General expressions, properties and relations. Subject and predicate of a sentence. Syntactic structure of atomic propositions and their truth conditions. Syntactic structure of atomic and molecular propositions, means of expressing universal propositions and their truth conditions. Modalities in language, their classification and function; intuitive understanding of states of affairs (possible worlds). Concept versus idea, representations of concepts in language and relations between them (extensional semantics, subject-predicate logic). Semantically conditioned relations between expressions (synonymy, antonymy, hyperonymy, homonymy, polysemy), limitations of the principle of substitutability of coextensional expressions; modifiers and their types; vagueness and imprecision of expressions. Argumentation, arguments; structure of arguments; deductive arguments. Propositional logic - syntax and semantics. Principle of compositionality for propositions. Propositional conjunctions in natural language. Interpretation, tabular method, tautology, contradiction. Propositional inference. Natural deduction. Inference in natural language. Expressions of sufficient and necessary conditions (promises, legal regulations). Means of achieving textual conciseness (elision, anaphora). Arguments in philosophical texts and the possibilities of propositional logic in their assessment.

50/50

The students have been introduced to the basics of logical analysis of natural language, thanks to which they have acquired the prerequisites for more successful study of other subjects requiring analytical work with text and argumentation. They have an understanding of the various syntactic and semantic aspects of natural language and practical experience in the analysis of natural language and arguments. Students are introduced to the basics of propositional logic and the analysis of some arguments by means of propositional logic. They are introduced to the possibilities of representing natural language using propositional logic.

1. CMOREJ, Pavel: Úvod do logickej syntaxe a sémantiky [Introduction to logical syntax and semantics]. Bratislava: Iris, 2001. ISBN 80-89018-19-X. 2. GAHÉR, František: Logika pre každého [Logic for Everyone ]. Bratislava: Iris, 2013. ISBN 978-80-89256-88-4. 3. MARKO, Vladimír. Úlohy z výrokovej a predikátovej logiky [Exercises in propositional and predicate logic]. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, 2017. ISBN 978-80-223-4495-1. 4. ZOUHAR, Marián. Základy logiky pre spoločenskovedné a humanitné odbory [Foundations of logic for social sciences and humanities]. Bratislava: Veda, 2008. ISBN 978-80-224-1040-3.

Logic 1

Continuous during the semester: homework (10 points), 2 midterm tests during the semester (20 + 20 points); Final evaluation: summative test (50 points); Grading scale: A: 100-91 points; B: 90-81 points; C: 80-76 points; D: 75-70 points; E: 69-60 points; Fx: 59-0 points. Violation of academic ethics may result in the cancellation of points earned in the respective grade item.

slovak

Predicate logic - syntax and semantics. Relations between predicate logic and natural language. Expression of generality in natural language (quantifiers, relational pairs, anaphora+implication). Interpretation, evaluation. Predicateological entailment. Natural deduction. Means of achieving textual conciseness (elision, anaphora, operators). Judgments in philosophical and legal texts and the possibilities of predicate logic in their assessment. Abductive judgments. Judgements in natural language. Expressions of sufficient and necessary conditions for causality. Definitions: traditional, analytic, synthetic (nominal, codifying), specifying; recursive, abstracting; explanatory, operational. Questions and answers: presuppositional and fallacious questions; true, partial and complete answers. Analysis of judgments in philosophical and legal texts.

50/50

Students are introduced to the basics of predicate logic and the analysis of some arguments by means of predicate logic. They are introduced to the possibilities of representing natural language using predicate logic, to deductive forms of inference, and are able to analyze several kinds of deductive arguments. They have acquired basic knowledge of definition theory and question and answer theory. As a result, they have acquired the competence to analyse more adequately and deeply philosophical, but also exemplarily difficult - legal texts.

HOLZEY, Helmut – RÖD, Wolfgang. Filosofie 19. a 20. století II. Praha: Oikoymenh 2006.

JAESCHE, Walter, ARNDT, Andreas. Německá klasická filosofie II. Praha: Oikoymenh 2016.

MIHINA, František, LEŠKO, Vladimír a kol. Metamorfózy poklasickej filozofie. 1. vyd. Prešov: FF UPJŠ 1994.

RÖD, Wolfgang. Německá klasická filosofie I. Praha: Oikoymenh 2015.

THURHNER, Rainer – RÖD, Wolfgang – Schmidinger, Heinrich. Filosofie 19. a 20. století III. Praha: Oikoymenh 2009.

SOBOTKA, Milan a kol.. Dějiny novověké filosofie od Descarta po Hegela. 2. vyd. Praha: Filosofia, 1994.

SOBOTKA, Milan. Německá klasická filozofie. Praha: Univerzita Karlova, 1992.

Students will be acquainted with supplementary literature during the lessons.

Preliminary: activity in seminars 10%, report 10%, check-up test 20% Examination period 60%: Final oral exam

1 absence accepted.

Grading scale: A: 100-92, B: 91-84, C: 83–76, D: 75-68, E: 67-60, FX: 0-59

Violation of academic ethics may result in the cancellation of the points scored in the relevant assessment item.

The exact date and topic of the preliminary assessment will be announced at the beginning of the semester.

Dates of examination will be published via AIS no later than the last week of the instruction period.

Slovak

1. Introduction. Scientism and anthropologism in 19th century philosophy.

2. Kant: Theoretical Philosophy, Practical Philosophy.

3. From Kant to Hegel: Fichte’s attempt to complete Kantian idealism, Schelling's philosophy of identity.

4. Hegel's system of absolute idealism.

5. Kierkegaard's existentialism.

6. Arthur Schopenhauer, The world as will and idea.

7. Friedrich Nietzsche, main topics of his philosophy.

8. Karl Marx, materialist conception of history, dialectical materialism.

9. Auguste Comte, A course in positive philosophy.

10. John Stuart Mill and utilitarianism.

11. Neo-Kantianism: a return to Kant in the three versions.

40%/ 60%; The overall assessment is the sum of the preliminary and final assessment.

After successfully completing the course, students have knowledge of the nature of 19th century philosophy and its development, the basic trends in 19th century philosophy, and an understanding of their main ideas and contributions. They are able to identify the fundamental ideological contribution and significance of German Idealism. In terms of skills, students have the ability to analyse and interpret the texts of 19th century philosophers. They can ask questions and formulate answers on issues in the history of 19th century philosophy. They are able to think (philosophize) independently about philosophical issues raised in 19th century philosophy.

PLATÓN. Štát. Bratislava: Kalligram, 2006. ISBN 80-7149-906-4.

ARISTOTELES. Politika. Bratislava: Pravda, 1988.

ROUSSEAU, Jean Jacques. O spoločenskej zmluve alebo o princípoch politického práva. Bratislava: Kalligram, 2010. ISBN 978-80-8101-248-8.

MILL, John Stuart. O slobode. Bratislava: Iris, 1995. ISBN 80-88778-07-7.

VÁROSSOVÁ, Elena et al. Antológia z diel filozofov zv.6. Novoveká racionalistická filozofia. Bratislava: Epocha, 1970 (HEGEL, Georg, Wilhem, Fridridrich, Filozofia dejín).

HOLATA, Ladislav et al. Antológia z diel filozofov zv. 10. Marxisticko-leninská filozofia, Bratislava: Pravda, 1977 (MARX, Karol, Ekonomicko-filozofické rukopisy).

Students will be acquainted with supplementary literature during the lessons.

100% attendance (in justified cases the teacher may excuse 2 absences), Students can be only admitted to the exam after successfully completing the final control test of the preliminary assessment, usually held one week before the end of the semester. The test will consist of five sets of questions (each with a two-point, one-point or zero score) and the final score will be determined according to the following key: 10-9 points “A”, 8 points “B”, 7-6 points “C”, 5-4 points “D”, 3-2 points “E”. 1-0 points “Fx”. The oral examination, similarly as the final control test, will also consist of questions covered in lectures and seminars, the students will become familiar with during the semester. The exam performance will be graded on a five-point grading scale according to the following key: 5 points “A” and 4 points “B” (above-average knowledge), 3 points “C” and 2 points “D” (average knowledge), 1 point “E” (under-average knowledge), 0 points “Fx” (very poor knowledge). Unlike the preliminary assessment, in the case of a Fx grade, the student will still have two opportunities to improve the assessment.

Grading scale: A: 100-92, B: 91-84, C: 83–76, D: 75-68, E: 67-60, FX: 0-59

Violation of academic ethics may result in the cancellation of the points scored in the relevant assessment item.

Slovak, Czech (receptive acquaintance)

1. Social and political philosophy as a philosophical discipline.

2. Problems of the relationship between society and the individual. Holism vs. individualism.

3. The idea of social order. Search for the “ideal” political structure.

4. Problem of human nature. The origin and nature of the state. Social contract theory.

5. The nature of power and authority. The problem of sovereignty and the division of powers.

6. The problem of justice.

7. Political equality and freedom.

8. The theory and practice of democracy.

9. Philosophy of history and alienation.

Preliminary 50%; final 50%

After successfully completing the course, students are proficient in relevant socio-philosophical concepts and theories. They understands and are reasonably able to critically analyse and evaluate given concepts and theories. In particular, they have the ability to understand the relevance of issues, regardless of the historical period in which they arose, and to situate these issues within a broader philosophical and social framework.

ANZENBACHER, Arno. Úvod do etiky. Praha: Zvon, 1994. ISBN 80-7113-111-3

ARISTOTELES. Etika Nikomachova. Bratislava: Pravda, 1979.

KANT, Immanuel. Základy metafyziky mravov. Bratislava: Kalligram, 2004. ISBN 80-7149-635-9.

KOHÁK, Erazim. Človek, dobro a zlo. O smyslu života v zrcadle dějin (Kapitoly z dějin morální filozofie). Praha: Ježek, 1993. ISBN 80-901625-3-3.

REMIŠOVÁ, Anna (ed). Dejiny etického myslenia v Európe a USA. Bratislava: Kalligram, 2008. ISBN 978-80-8101-103-0.

SPAEMANN, Robert. Hovoríme o etike. Bratislava: Don Bosco, 1994. ISBN 80-85405-34-2.

Temporary teaching texts for the subject are available in MS TEAMS. Students will be acquainted with supplementary literature during the lessons.

1. Preliminary evaluation during the instruction period:

a) Active participation in seminars: 1 point for each seminar, max. 10 points;

b) Presentation of one selected topic: max. 20 points;

c) Written paper in the form of a philosophical essay of min. 6 standard pages: 30 points.

2. Assessment in the examination period:

a) Written examination of the entire scope of the subject, max. 40 points.

The condition for admission to the exam is the scoring of min. 40 points from the preliminary assessment. Violation of academic ethics may result in the cancellation of the points scored in the relevant assessment item.

Grading scale: A: 100-92

B: 91-84

C: 83-76

D: 75-68

E: 67-60

FX: 59-0.

The teacher will accept a max. of 2 absences with documentation. The exact date and topic of the preliminary assessment will be announced at the beginning of the semester. Dates of examination will be published via AIS no later than the last week of the instruction period.

Slovak; Czech (receptive acquaintance)

1. Ethics as a philosophical discipline. Basic problems, terms.

2. Issues of morality, basic typology.

3. The nature of empiricist and transcendental ethics.

4. Good and evil, the question of virtue and bliss.

5. Issues of norms and moral values.

6. The question of altruism and aggression in human action.

7. The relationship between ethics, psychoanalysis and sociobiology.

8. Freedom - responsibility - choice - autonomy.

9. The problem of conscience and guilt.

10. The question of human dignity, respect for life and the meaning of life.

60%/ 40%

After successfully completing the course, the student will be familiar with the basic areas of examining ethical problems and the most important philosophical works of key authors. They understand the defining principles of moral evaluation of human action and are able to analyse and critically-theoretically reflect on basic ethical theories in the cross-section of the history of ethical thought within the formation of European, social and cultural identity.

NUHLÍČEK, Martin. Problém hodnoty poznania. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, 2019. ISBN 978-80-223-4808-9.

NUHLÍČEK, Martin. Vzťah pravdy a zdôvodnenia v teórii poznania. Studia philosophica [online]. 2020, 67 (1), 31–40 [cit. 2021-10-22]. Available on: https://digilib.phil.muni.cz/handle/11222.digilib/142708.

NUHLÍČEK, Martin. Gettierov problém a jeho význam po päťdesiatich rokoch. Filozofia. 2013, 68 (8), 679-690. ISSN 0046-385X.

NUHLÍČEK, Martin. Spory o charakter zdôvodnenia v súčasnej analytickej epistemológii. Filozofia. 2013, 68 (6), 517-522. ISSN 0046-385X.

NUHLÍČEK, Martin, SZAPUOVÁ, Mariana. Poznámky ku skepticizmu alebo čo spochybňuje, a čo nespochybňuje skeptik. Filozofia. 2012, 67 (2), 147-159. ISSN 0046-385X.

SZAPUOVÁ, Mariana. Wittgenstein o istote: praktické rozriešenie skeptických pochybností. Filosofický časopis. 2016, 64 (5), 725-741. ISSN 0015-1831.

1. Preliminary evaluation during the instruction period:

a) Paper from the selected text in seminars: max. 10 points;

b) Seminar paper on a selected topic from the course syllabus: max. 10 points.

The topics and dates of the preliminary assessment will be announced at the beginning of the semester. Score min. of 6 points from the preliminary assessment is a condition to be admitted to the exam.

2. Assessment in the examination period:

c) Oral examination of the entire scope of the subject: max. 20 points.

Dates and topics of oral examination will be published no later than the last week of the instruction period of the semester.

Grading scale: A: 100%-92%;

B: 91%-84%; C: 83%-76%; D: 75%-68%; E: 67%-60%; FX: 59%-0%.

Absences with documentation not exceeding 25 % of the classes are accepted. Violation of academic ethics will be punished, and the student can lose all the received points in the relevant performance.

Slovak; Czech (receptive acquaintance); some texts are in English - required level B2.

1. Knowledge as a philosophical problem, the object of epistemology.

2. The problem of analysing knowledge.

3. Gettier's problem and the problem of justification.

4. Theories of justification, internalism and externalism.

5. Philosophical scepticism.

6. The question of the knowledge value.

7. Empirical knowledge, theories of perception.

8. A priori knowledge, the relation of reason and experience.

9. Sources of knowledge, individual and social epistemology.

10. Methods of deriving knowledge.

11. The problem of truth, the possibility of objective knowledge.

12. Naturalised epistemology, philosophy, and cognitive science.

50 % preliminary/50 % examination period

After successfully completing the course, students will have knowledge of the major themes, issues, and trends in the field of philosophical epistemology. They understand the most important classical and contemporary epistemological problems as well as their most significant solutions. They are familiar with selected texts that have significantly shaped the contemporary form of the discipline. They are able to analyse and critically reflect on issues of human cognition, even in the broader perspectives of scientific cognition, the function of cognitive abilities and the evaluation of the epistemic status of different information.

ARISTOTELES. Metafyzika. In: Antológia z diel filozofov. Od Aristotela po Plotina. Bratislava: Pravda, 1972.

CARR, Brian. Úvod do metafyziky. Bratislava: Iris, 2004. ISBN: 80-89018-69-6

KANT, Immanuel. Prolegomena ku každej budúcej metafyzike. In: Antológia. Novoveká racionalistická filozofia. Bratislava, Pravda, 1970.

ZELEŇÁK, Eugen. Moderné teórie vysvetlenia a príčinnosti. Ružomberok: Filozofická fakulta KU, 2008. ISBN: 978-80-8084-376-2

SCHMIDT, Martin. Identita a pretrvávanie v čase. Banská Bystrica: Belianum, 2019. Available on: https://www.ff.umb.sk/mschmidt/moja-knizka-o-identite-a-pretrvavani-v-case.html

SCHMIDINGER, Heinrich. Úvod do metafyziky. Praha: OIKOYMENH, 2012. 978-80-7298-417-6

Complementary literature and literature that is not in Academical Library of Comenius University will be presented at the beginning and during the semester. Teachers' presentations and non-Academical Library literature are available at MS Teams.

a) During the instruction period of the semester: continuous tests, activity; point system of assessment - the student with the highest number of points in the group - 100%;

A: 100%-92%; B: 91%-84%; C: 83%-76%; D: 75%-68%; E: 67%-60% FX: 59%-0%

b) In the examination period there is an oral examination planned. Students can be admitted to the oral examination only after successfully completing the preliminary part of the semester. Violation of academic ethics may result in the cancellation of the points scored in the relevant assessment item.

The teacher will accept a maximum of two absences with documentation.

The exact date of the preliminary assessment will be announced at the beginning of the semester.

Dates of oral examination will be published via AIS no later than the last week of the instruction period.

Slovak, Czech (receptive acquaintance)

1. General characteristics of metaphysics

2. The subject of metaphysics

3. Categories I.

4. Categories II.

5. The problem of universals I.

6. The problem of universals II.

7. Individuals - synchronic perspective

8. Individuals - diachronic perspective I.

9. Individuals - diachronic perspective II.

10. Causality I.

11. Causality II.

12. Criticism of metaphysics

50%/ 50%

After successfully completing the course, students have knowledge of the basic models of metaphysics as a philosophical discipline. They have knowledge of the basic terminology and methods of argumentation in solving key metaphysical problems (the problem of being, essence, the relation of particulars and universals, identity and causality). They are able to identify the main problems of metaphysics and reconstruct argumentative strategies for solving them. They are able to understand classical and contemporary metaphysical problems and their selected solutions and are able to mutually compare them.

VYDRA, Anton. Akademické písanie. Ako vzniká filozofický text? Trnava: Filozofická fakulta Trnavskej univerzity, 2010. ISBN 978-80-8082-414-3.

STAROŇOVÁ, Katarína. Vedecké písanie. Ako písať akademické a vedecké texty. Martin: Osveta, 2011. ISBN 978-80-8063-359-2.

MEŠKO, Dušan, KATUŠČÁK, Dušan, FINDRA, Ján a kol. Chcete byť úspešní na vysokej škole? Akademická príručka. Martin: Osveta, 2013. ISBN 978-80-8063-392-9.

LICHNEROVÁ, Lucia. Písanie a obhajoba záverečných prác. Bratislava: Stimul, 2016. ISBN 978-80-8127-155-7.

NUHLÍČEK, Martin. Čítanie a písanie filozofických textov. Bratislava: Stimul, 2023. ISBN 978-80-8127-391-9. Available at: https://dspace.uniba.sk/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/191/978-80-8127-391-9.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Preliminary evaluation during the instruction period:

a) Active participation in seminars: 1 point possible for each seminar.

b) Exemplary seminar paper on any topic in philosophy: max. 20 points.

The topic of the seminar paper has to be discussed with the teacher in advance. The deadline for submission of the seminar paper will be announced at the beginning of the semester.

Grading scale: A: 100%-92%;

B: 91%-84%; C: 83%-76%; D: 75%-68%; E: 67%-60%; FX: 59%-0%.

Absences with documentation not exceeding 25 % of the classes are accepted. Violation of academic ethics will be punished, and the student can lose all the received points in the relevant performance.

Slovak

1. Specifics of philosophical reading.

2. Typology of professional resources.

3. Elements of text analysis.

4. Reconstructing and evaluating argumentation.

5. Critical reading and interpretation.

6. Electronic presentation of text.

7. Specifics of philosophical writing.

8. Structure of a written paper.

9. Elements of text structure.

10. Stylistic requirements of writing.

11. Quoting ethics and rules

12. Formalities and finalisation of a paper.

100 % preliminary

After successfully completing the course, the students are oriented in the typology and structure of philosophical texts. They have knowledge of the basic tools and techniques needed to understand philosophical texts and write philosophical papers. They know the correct ways of quoting and providing bibliographical references. They have the ability to read independently, to make critical judgements, as well as to produce philosophical texts on their own.

GREASER, Andreas. Řecká filosofie klasického období. Praha: OIKOYMENH, 2000. ISBN

80-7298-019-X.

COPLESTON, Frederick. Dějiny filosofie I: Řecko a Řím. Olomouc: Refugium Velehrad – Roma, 2014. ISBN 978-80-7412-167-8.

ARISTOTELES, Etika Nikomachova. Preložil Július Špaňár. Bratislava: Kalligram, 2011. ISBN 978-80-8101-417-8.

Od Aristotela po Plotina. Antológia z diel filozofov. Zostavil a úvod napísal Jaroslav Martinka. Preklad Július Špaňár a Miloslav Okál. Bratislava: Iris, 2006. ISBN 976-80-89238-11-8.

ARISTOTELÉS: Metafyzika. Přeložil a poznámkami opatřil Antonín Kříž. Překlad upravil Petr Rezek. Praha: Petr Rezek, 2003. ISBN 80-86027-19-8.

ARISTOTELES: Politika. Preložil Július Špaňár. Bratislava: Kalligram, 2006. ISBN 80-7149-840-8.

Students will be acquainted with supplementary literature during the lessons.

Preliminary assessment during the instruction period: a report (max. 30 points) on one of the seminar topics and a seminar paper of 6-8 standard pages (max. 70 points) on one of the topics offered by the course teacher. Grading scale: A: 100-92, B: 91-84, C: 83–76, D: 75-68, E:

67-60, FX: 59-0. Exact deadlines for the submission of the selected topics of seminar papers and reports chosen by the students will be announced at the beginning of the semester. In the first lesson, the teacher will specify the topics of the seminar papers. The teacher will accept a maximum of 2 documented absences. Violation of academic ethics may result in the cancellation of the points scored in the relevant assessment item.

Slovak, Czech (receptive acquaintance)

1. Aristotle’s categories: first and second essences and the issue of predication: (Categories, Chapter 5.), explanation of the meaning of “present in a subject” (Categories, Chapter 2.)

2. “To ti én einai” (“the what it was to be”, “essentia”) in Aristotle’s Metaphysics (Book VII 4)

3. “To ti én einai” (“the what it was to be”, “essentia”) in Aristotle’s Metaphysics (Book VII 5, 6)

4. Aristotle's critique of Plato's theory of ideas: Aristotle, Metaphysics (Book VII, 14)

5. Aristotle's critique of Plato's theory of ideas: Aristotle, Metaphysics (Book VII, 15-16)

6. God and his essence according to Aristotle: Aristotle, Metaphysics (Book XII, 7)

7. God and his essence according to Aristotle: Aristotle, Metaphysics (Book XII, 8) -9.

8. Aristotle’s concept of ethics as a practical science, Ethica Nicomachea

9. Aristotle’s concept of virtue, Ethica Nicomachea

10. Aristotle’s concept of eudaimonia, Ethica Nicomachea

11. Aristotle’s concept of teleology

12. Aristotle’s concept of community, slavery and property: Politics (Book I)

100% preliminary

Following successful completion of the course, the students will be able to critically read and interpret selected and simpler philosophical texts of Aristotle in translation. They understands the basic methodological principles guiding the critical treatment of a stated problem in Aristotle’s philosophy. They are able to further continue the historical and philosophical exploration based on a critical approach to the sources.

KALAŠ, Andrej. Raný pyrrhónizmus alebo blažený život bez hodnôt? Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 2009. ISBN 978-80-223-2519-6.

EPIKUROS. O šťastnom živote. Preložil Miloslav Okál. Bratislava: Pravda, 1989. ISBN 80-218-0013-5.

Zlomky starých stoikov. Preložil Miloslav Okál. Bratislava: Pravda, 1984.

SEXTUS EMPIRICUS. Základy pyrrhónskej skepsy. Preložil Július Špaňár. Bratislava: Pravda, 1984.

LONG, Anthony Arthur. Hellénistická filosofie. Preložil Petr Kolev. Praha: OIKOYMENH, 2020. ISBN 978-80-7298-497-8.

MARKO, Vladimír. Štyri antické argumenty o budúcich náhodnostiach. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 2017. ISBN 978-80-223-4425-8.

Temporary teaching text for the subject is available in MS TEAMS. Students will be acquainted with supplementary literature during the lessons.

Assessment during the instruction period includes: a). successful presentation of a paper on one of the topics listed in the course syllabus (max. 30 points) b) Successful completion of a control test at the end of the semester (max. 70 points) connected with oral consultation of the written answers. The student will be admitted to the test only with a minimum of 10 points from paper. Grading scale: A: 100-92, B: 91-84, C: 83–76, D: 75-68, E: 67-60, FX: 59-0. The exact date for the test and the topics of the paper will be announced at the beginning of the semester. The teacher will accept a maximum of two absences with documentation. Violation of academic ethics may result in the cancellation of the points scored in the relevant assessment item.

Slovak, Czech (receptive acquaintance)

1. General characteristics of Hellenism and Hellenistic philosophy.

2. Epicurus and Epicureanism: canonics.

3. Epicurus and Epicureanism: physics, doctrine of atoms, gods, diversion in atomic motion, freedom of man.

4. Epicurean ethics and the philosophical significance of negative hedonism.

5. Stoic epistemology: fantasy, instinct, consent, catalepsy.

6. Stoic physics: the cosmos as a dynamic universe, the elements, pneuma, tension, Logos, God, the theory of causes, freedom and determinism.

7. Stoic ethics: the concept of virtue, the indifferent, the division of acts, the ataraxia of the sage.

8. Early Pyrrhonism: Pyrrhon and Timon.

9. Pyrrhon and India.

10. The negative dogmatism of the Middle and New Academies.

11. Neopyrrhonism: the resurrection of Pyrrhon or a new philosophy?

12. Sextus Empiricus as a skeptical philosopher and eminent doxographer.

100% preliminary

After successfully completing the course, students are able to characterize historically and philosophically the basic periods of Hellenistic philosophy. They understand the specific interconnection of the three parts of philosophy (ethics, physics, canonics) on the ground of the different Hellenistic schools. They are able to apply the acquired knowledge in further historical-philosophical research and within other periods of the history of thought.

DEVALL, Bill a George SESSIONS. Hlboká ekológia. Tulčík: Abies, 1997. ISBN 80-88699-12-6.

KOHÁK, Erazim. Zelená svatozář. Kapitoly z ekologické etiky. Praha: Sociologické nakladatelství, 1998. ISBN 80-85850-63-X.

LIBROVÁ, Hana. Pestří a zelení. Kapitoly o dobrovolné skromnosti. Brno: Veronica, 1994. ISBN 80-85368-18-8.

NAESS, Arne. Ekologie, pospolitost a životní styl. Prešov: Abies, 1996. ISBN 80-88699-09-6.

SKOLIMOWSKI, Henryk. Živá filozofia. Ekofilozofia ako strom života. Prešov: Slovacontact, 1999. ISBN 80-88876-05-2.

Temporary teaching texts for the subject are available in MS TEAMS.

Students will be acquainted with supplementary literature during the lessons.

1. Preliminary evaluation during the instruction period:

a) Active participation in seminars: 1 point for each seminar, max. 10 points;

b) Presentation of one selected topic: max. 30 points;

c) Final test of the entire scope of the subject: max. 60 points.

Violation of academic ethics may result in the cancellation of the points scored in the relevant assessment item.

Grading scale: A: 100-92

B: 91-84

C: 83-76

D: 75-68

E: 67-60

FX: 59-0.

The teacher will accept a maximum of two absences with documentation. The dates for the final test will be announced through AIS at the beginning of the instruction period.

Slovak, Czech (receptive acquaintance)

1. Introduction to the issue. Environmental ethics as a type of applied ethics. Basic terms.

2. Historical forms of people's relationship to nature.

3. The nature of contemporary civilization. Reflection on the human-nature-culture relationship.

4. The genesis of environmental thinking.

5. New environmental ideas and starting points.

6. The search for ecological paradigms and strategies.

7. The essence of the basic value approaches and orientations of environmental ethics.

8. Moral ecology and the question of alienation from own responsibility.

9. The concept of sustainability and the principles of global ethics.

10. Main directions and basic environmental concepts.

100%/ 0%

After successfully completing the course, students know the basic areas of research of environmental issues in the context of reflection on the relationship between man - nature - culture. They are able to reflect and interpret the historical forms of people’s relationship to nature, as well as the nature of contemporary civilisation’s relationship to the environment. They understand the genesis of environmental thinking and the nature of the basic value approaches and orientations of environmental ethics. They are able to distinguish the basic argumentation of individual environmental trends and concepts, as well as to conceive new environmental ideas and starting points. They master the forms of discourse on ecological paradigm shifts and new strategies in ecological ethics.

PLAŠIENKOVÁ, Zlatica. Evolučná koncepcia Teilharda de Chardin [online]. Bratislava: Stimul 2010. Available on: http://stella.uniba.sk/texty/ZP_evokon.pdf.

PLAŠIENKOVÁ, Zlatica a Józef KULISZ. Na ceste s Teilhardom de Chardin. Trnava: Dobrá kniha, 2004. ISBN 80-7141-465-4.

TEILHARD DE CHARDIN, Pierre. Vesmír a lidstvo. Praha: Vyšehrad, 1990. ISBN 80-7021-043-5.

TEILHARD DE CHARDIN, Pierre. Místo člověka v přírode. Praha: Nakladatelství Svoboda, 1993. ISBN 80-205-0309-9.

TEILHARD DE CHARDIN, Pierre. Jak věŕím. Praha: Vyšehrad, 1997. ISBN 80-7021-208-X.

Temporary teaching texts for the subject are available in MS TEAMS. Students will be acquainted with supplementary literature during the lessons.

1. Preliminary evaluation during the instruction period:

a) Active participation in seminars: 1 point for each seminar, max. 10 points;

b) Presentation of one selected topic: max. 30 points;

c) Final test of the entire scope of the subject: max. 60 points.

Violation of academic ethics may result in the cancellation of the points scored in the relevant assessment item.

Grading scale: A: 100-92

B: 91-84

C: 83-76

D: 75-68

E: 67-60

FX: 59-0.

The teacher will accept a maximum of two absences with documentation. The dates for the final test will be announced through AIS at the beginning of the instruction period.

Slovak; Czech (receptive acquaintance)

1. Introduction to the life and works of P. Teilhard de Chardin.

2. Classification of works. Basic ideas and problems. Ideological influences.

3. The monistic basis of Teilhard's conception.

4. The relationship between matter and spirit. The question of dynamic substance.

5. Evolution, its phases and direction.

6. Laws of evolution: law of complexity and consciousness, law of tangential and radial energy, law of convergence.

7. The competence of science, philosophy and religion in interpreting evolution.

8. Issues of evolution and creation. Basic philosophical postulates.

9. Spiritual evolution and the understanding of the noosphere and the Omega point.

10. Planetisation of the world and personalisation of man. Requirements of the future. Dilemma and choice.

100%/ 0%

After successfully completing the course, students will be familiar with the basic problems of P. Teilhard de Chardin's evolutionary-cosmological conception. They know how to critically analyse selected texts from the works of P. Teilhard de Chardin. They are able to understand the issues of the evolution of the universe, life, man and his consciousness, including the issues of the planetisation of the world and the personalisation of man.